ALCOHOL EXPOSURE, SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND DEVELOPMENT

酒精暴露、社会行为和发展

• 批准号: 6168373
• 负责人: Sandra J Kelly
• 金额: $ 22.12万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-04-08 至 2002-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6168373
• 关键词: aggression; animal developmental psychology; avoidance behavior; behavioral /social science research tag; disease /disorder model; embryo /fetus toxicology; ethanol; fetal alcohol syndrome; gender difference; isolation /deprivation; laboratory rat; motivation; social behavior

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract) People with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) exhibit striking deficits in social behavior; these alterations in social behavior are independent of changes in intelligence and may be very damaging with respect to day-to-day functioning. The goal of this proposal is to use a model of FAS in which the rat is exposed to alcohol during development to investigate the mechanism by which alcohol alters social behaviors in the rat. The model that is used is novel and exposes rats to alcohol during all three trimester equivalents or, in other words, during both the prenatal and postnatal periods. The first set of experiments characterizes the model by comparing the effects of alcohol exposure during both the prenatal and postnatal period to exposure during the first half of the prenatal period alone, the second half of the prenatal period alone, and the postnatal period alone on activity, passive avoidance learning and spatial learning. After characterizing the model in the first year, the next two years examine the effect of alcohol exposure during development on social motivation. The second set of experiments focuses on the social motivation in an affiliative context. The experiments use distress vocalizations under different conditions of isolation, running speed to gain access to a conspecific after varying degrees of social deprivation, and social preference for conspecifics with different levels of aggressiveness. The third set of experiments examines social motivation in an aggressive context using the resident/intruder paradigm for both males and females; the motivation is varied by changing the context in which the aggression occurs. All of the experiments on social motivation use the additive factors technique to tease apart effects on motivation from effects on perception or the response mechanism; generally this technique examines the behavior under varying degrees of motivation and predicts that if groups differ in social motivation, then they will differ in how their behavior is altered by alterations in the level of social motivation. Female rats exposed to alcohol during development are predicted to have enhanced social motivation whereas male rats exposed to alcohol during development are predicted to have deceased social motivation.

描述：（改编自研究者的摘要）有胎儿的人 酒精综合症（FAS）在社交行为方面表现出显着的缺陷；这些 社会行为的改变与智力的变化无关 并且可能对日常功能造成很大损害。 目标 该提案的目的是使用 FAS 模型，其中大鼠暴露于 开发过程中的酒精，以研究酒精的机​​制 改变大鼠的社会行为。 所使用的模型新颖且 在所有三个三个月的等效时间内使大鼠接触酒精，或者在其他情况下 换句话说，在产前和产后期间。 第一组 实验通过比较酒精的影响来表征模型 产前和产后期间的暴露 仅产前半期，产前后半期 单独经期和产后单独活动、被动回避 学习和空间学习。 在第一个模型表征之后 今年，接下来的两年研究期间酒精暴露的影响 社会激励的发展。 第二组实验的重点是 归属背景下的社会动机。 实验使用 不同隔离、跑步条件下的求救发声 经过不同程度的社交后获得同种人接触的速度 剥夺以及对不同水平的同种人的社会偏好 攻击性。 第三组实验考察了社会动机 对雄性均使用居民/入侵者范式的攻击性环境 和女性；动机因改变情境而不同 发生攻击行为。 所有关于社会动机的实验都使用 区分对动机的影响和效果的附加因素技术 关于感知或反应机制；一般来说，该技术检查 不同程度动机下的行为并预测如果群体 社会动机不同，那么他们的行为方式也会不同 因社会动机水平的改变而改变。 雌性大鼠 预计在发育过程中接触酒精会增强社交能力 而在发育过程中暴露于酒精的雄性大鼠的动机是 预测有已故的社会动机。