PLANT DIETS OF SANDFLIES AND LEISHMANIA TRANSMISSION

白蛉和利什曼原虫传播的植物饮食

• 批准号: 2462157
• 负责人: YOSEF SCHLEIN
• 金额: $ 13.51万
• 依托单位: HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-02-01 至 2001-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2462157
• 关键词: Leishmania major; Psychodidae; communicable disease control; dietary carbohydrates; dietary constituent; disease vectors; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; epizootiology; field study; food chain; insect control; laboratory rabbit; leishmaniasis; plant extracts; plants; statistics /biometry; systematic biology; zoonosis

Abstract. Zoonotic Leishmania major causes human disease in similar arid regions in many countries including Israel. The general aim is to study the staple, plant-derived diets of the vector Phlebotomus papatasi and their effects on the vector competence of the sandflies in different habitats. The project comprises the following studies. Evaluation of the scarcity or abundance of plant-derived food sources in various study sites by the identification of plants on which the sandflies feed and by the relative quantities of sugars, or plant tissue residues in sandfly guts. Determination of the chronological age of sandflies from the same sites and the proportions of mature L. major infections they carry. The life span of sandflies is presumably shortened and the risk of human infection is decreased when rich food sources are not found in the local vegetation. The ingested tissues of some plant species, commonly fed upon by the sandflies (including Ricinus communis), kill and agglutinate L. major parasites in infected flies. Plants with this property among the species which are fed upon by sandflies in nature, will be identified; their prevalence in the different study sites will be assessed and their effects on the L. major infections in field caught flies will be scored. An extension of the above studies are the preliminary experiments aimed to assess the potential of using plants for the control of leishmaniasis. These include the selection of suitable domestic plant species and the spray of R. communis extract, which is expected to kill L. major parasites in sandflies, in the sprayed site.

抽象的。人畜共患利什曼原虫主要导致类似的人类疾病 包括以色列在内的许多国家的干旱地区。 总体目标是 研究媒介白蛉的主要植物性饮食 papatasi 及其对白蛉媒介能力的影响 在不同的栖息地。 该项目包括以下研究。 评估植物性食物来源的稀缺性或丰富性 在不同的研究地点通过鉴定植物 白蛉的食物和糖或植物的相对数量 白蛉内脏中的组织残留物。 时间顺序的确定 同一地点白蛉的年龄和成熟白蛉的比例。 他们携带的主要感染。 白蛉的寿命大概是 食物丰富时，时间缩短，人类感染的风险降低 当地植被中未发现来源。摄入的组织 一些植物物种，通常以白蛉为食（包括 蓖麻)，杀死并凝集受感染体内的主要寄生虫 苍蝇。 被食用的物种中具有这种特性的植物 自然界中的白蛉，会被识别出来；他们的普遍存在于 将评估不同的研究地点及其对 L 的影响。 将对现场捕获的苍蝇的主要感染进行评分。 一个扩展 上述研究是初步实验，旨在评估 使用植物控制利什曼病的潜力。 这些 包括选择合适的家养植物品种和喷雾 R.Communis 提取物，有望杀死 L.major 寄生虫 在白蛉中，在喷药部位。