PLANT DIETS OF SANDFLIES AND LEISHMANIA TRANSMISSION

白蛉和利什曼原虫传播的植物饮食

• 批准号: 2871553
• 负责人: YOSEF SCHLEIN
• 金额: $ 13.91万
• 依托单位: HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-02-01 至 2001-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2871553
• 关键词: Leishmania major; Psychodidae; communicable disease control; dietary carbohydrates; dietary constituent; disease vectors; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; epizootiology; field study; food chain; insect control; laboratory rabbit; leishmaniasis; plant extracts; plants; statistics /biometry; systematic biology; zoonosis

Abstract. Zoonotic Leishmania major causes human disease in similar arid regions in many countries including Israel. The general aim is to study the staple, plant-derived diets of the vector Phlebotomus papatasi and their effects on the vector competence of the sandflies in different habitats. The project comprises the following studies. Evaluation of the scarcity or abundance of plant-derived food sources in various study sites by the identification of plants on which the sandflies feed and by the relative quantities of sugars, or plant tissue residues in sandfly guts. Determination of the chronological age of sandflies from the same sites and the proportions of mature L. major infections they carry. The life span of sandflies is presumably shortened and the risk of human infection is decreased when rich food sources are not found in the local vegetation. The ingested tissues of some plant species, commonly fed upon by the sandflies (including Ricinus communis), kill and agglutinate L. major parasites in infected flies. Plants with this property among the species which are fed upon by sandflies in nature, will be identified; their prevalence in the different study sites will be assessed and their effects on the L. major infections in field caught flies will be scored. An extension of the above studies are the preliminary experiments aimed to assess the potential of using plants for the control of leishmaniasis. These include the selection of suitable domestic plant species and the spray of R. communis extract, which is expected to kill L. major parasites in sandflies, in the sprayed site.

抽象的。人畜共患利什曼病主要导致类似的人类疾病 包括以色列在内的许多国家的干旱地区。总体目标是 研究媒介白纹伊蚊的主食和植物性饲料 白纹伊蚊及其对媒介能力的影响 在不同的栖息地。该项目包括以下研究。 评估植物性食物来源的稀缺性或丰富性 在不同的研究地点通过鉴定植物上的 沙蝇取食和由糖类或植物的相对量 沙蝇肠道的组织残留物。时间顺序的确定 同一采样点沙蝇的年龄和成虫比例。 它们携带的主要传染病。据推测，沙蝇的寿命是 当食物丰富时，缩短并降低人类感染的风险 在当地的植被中找不到来源。被摄取的组织 一些植物物种，通常以沙蝇为食(包括 对感染的主要寄生虫进行杀灭和凝集。 苍蝇。在以此为食的物种中具有这一特性的植物 由自然界中的沙蝇，将被识别；它们在 将评估不同的研究地点及其对L. 现场捕捉到的重大感染苍蝇将被计分。延期 上述研究中的初步实验旨在评估 利用植物控制利什曼病的潜力。这些 包括选择合适的家养植物品种和喷洒 的提取物，有望杀死主要寄生虫。 在喷洒地点的沙蝇中。