EEG STUDIES OF DISABLED READERS

残疾读者的脑电图研究

• 批准号: 2655156
• 负责人: Roscoe Arnold Dykman
• 金额: $ 15.85万
• 依托单位: ARKANSAS CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL RES INST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-02-01 至 2000-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2655156
• 关键词: auditory stimulus; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; electroencephalography; evoked potentials; hemispherectomy; human subject; longitudinal human study; middle childhood (6-11); occipital lobe /cortex; performance; reading disorder; speech; spelling; visual stimulus

Over a 3-year period, we will study 100 disabled readers and 50 normal readers. The children in each group will be 8 to 10 years old. The disabled readers will be subdivided on two dimensions, phonological analysis skill and continuous naming speed which are theorized to be the two major weaknesses underlying reading/spelling disability (Bowers & Wolf, 1993). The children will be selected on the basis of standardized achievement test scores, and all will be within the normal range of intelligence. Additional tests of phonologic and orthographic analysis skill and rapid naming will be administered to provide concurrent validation data. The centerpiece of the project will be event-related potential (ERP) studies during which the children will be required to make primed rhyme judgements and lexical decisions. Three ERP components are of major interest: (1) the N400 component to target words, which is sensitive to phonological priming; (2) the N150-P200 complex, which at occipital sites is sensitive to orthographic effects (i.e., real and pseudowords versus consonant strings); and (3) the anticipatory slow wave that precedes target words in priming tasks. Both the magnitude and latency of the ERP components will be analyzed, as well as error and reaction time measures. Also to be studied are the subjects' EEG power spectra during silent and oral reading of word strings. Major quantitative EEG differences as well as performance differences (external validation) are hypothesized, between disabled subgroups and between all poor readers and normal readers. Overall, the most disabled readers are predicted to be those who have a double deficit in phonological analysis and naming speed. The more severely phonetically impaired children are not expected to exhibit consistent phonological priming to visual words. Auditory phonological priming, if found in these children, is expected to be more prominent in the right than left hemisphere, opposite to normal readers. Phonetically impaired children (whether or not slow namers) are not expected to show as consistent early activation in the left occipital area (the so-called Visual Word Form System; Posner & Raichle, 1994). Slow namers are expected to have slower reaction times, slower developing N150 and N400 components, and an attenuated ERP anticipatory component.

在 3 年的时间内，我们将研究 100 名残疾读者和 50 名 普通的 读者。 每组的孩子年龄为8至10岁。 这 残疾读者将在两个维度上进行细分：语音 理论上的分析能力和连续命名速度 成为 阅读/拼写障碍的两个主要弱点（鲍尔斯 & 沃尔夫，1993）。 孩子们将根据以下条件进行选择： 标准化 成绩测试成绩，均在正常范围内 智力。 语音和拼写的附加测试 分析 将管理技能和快速命名，以提供并发 验证数据。 该项目的核心将是与活动相关的潜力 （企业资源计划） 在此期间，孩子们将被要求做好准备 韵 判断和词汇决定。 三个 ERP 组件分别是 主要的 兴趣：（1）目标词的N400分量，即 敏感于 语音启动； (2) N150-P200复合体，位于枕骨 站点 对拼写效果敏感（即真实和伪词 相对 辅音串）； (3) 预期慢波 先于 启动任务中的目标词。 的幅度和延迟 企业资源计划 将分析组件以及错误和反应时间 措施。 还需要研究受试者的脑电图功率谱 沉默和 口头朗读单词串。 主要脑电图定量差异 还有 由于假设性能差异（外部验证）， 残疾亚组之间以及所有贫困读者和正常读者之间 读者。 总体而言，预计最有残疾的读者是那些 有一个 语音分析和命名速度的双重缺陷。越多 严重语音障碍的儿童不应表现出 对视觉单词的一致语音启动。 听觉 语音的 如果在这些儿童中发现启动效应，预计会更多 突出于 右半球多于左半球，与正常读者相反。 从语音上来说 受损儿童（无论是否能缓慢命名）不应被期望 展示 作为左枕叶区域一致的早期激活（ 所谓的 视觉文字形式系统；波斯纳和雷克尔，1994）。 慢速命名者是 预计反应时间较慢，N150 发展较慢 N400 组件，以及减弱的 ERP 预期组件。