PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGIC STUDY OF ABUSED CHILDREN

这个项目的主要目的是表明我们发现的一个范例 成人创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)与成人的区别 有类似经历但没有患上创伤后应激障碍的人可以用来 提高儿童创伤后应激障碍诊断的准确性 性虐待和/或身体虐待。第二个目标是表明 生理测量不仅是被虐待者痛苦程度的指标 儿童但也可以用来分离儿童与内化 来自外化障碍者的障碍。我们的范例将 提供神经系统异常敏感、抑制的证据， 减弱或增强惊吓，以及情绪反应的泛化。 在5年内，我们建议对600名儿童(7至12岁)进行筛查 年)曾被年龄至少大于4岁的人虐待 并因与虐待有关的行为和行为而被转介 情绪问题。样本将仅限于非智障儿童。 对于实验室研究，我们将选择有和没有创伤后应激障碍的亚型， 基于相似的经历、性别、年龄和种族而匹配的。一段历史 将记录应激源：持续时间和频率 虐待、犯罪者数量、犯罪者与儿童的关系、对 生命威胁，身体伤害，性侵犯，社会阶层犯罪者， 和家庭互动。

The major aim of this project is to show that a paradigm found by us to differentiate adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from adults who have had similar experiences but have not developed PTSD can be used to enhance the precision of the PTSD diagnosis in children who have been sexually and/or physically abused. A second aim is to show that physiological measures not only index the degree of distress of abused children but can also be used to separate children with internalizing disorders from those with externalizing disorders. Our paradigms will provide evidence of abnormal nervous system sensitivity, inhibition, attenuated or enhanced startle, and generalization of emotional responses. Over a 5-year period, we propose to screen 600 children (aged 7 to 12 years) who have been abused by someone at least 4 years older than themselves, and who have been referred for abuse-related behavioral and emotional problems. The sample will be limited to non-retarded children. For laboratory studies, we will select subtypes with and without PTSD, matched on the basis of similar experiences, sex, age, and race. A history of victimization form will document stressors: duration and frequency of abuse, number of offenders, relation of perpetrator to child, perception of life threat, physical injury, sexual penetration, social class perpetrator, and family interaction.