SOCIAL POWER AS A REGULATOR OF CAREGIVING SYSTEMS

描述(改编自申请人的摘要)：建议的研究， 运用社会心理学中的概念和理论，测试 关于造成家庭暴力风险的因素的假设和 其他功能失调的照看。父母和孩子的方式 社会信息的交互和处理预计会受到影响 被人际间的权力感所影响。将孩子视为 拥有比自己更多的社会权力被预测为高度反应性 面对孩子们以负面情绪回应的明显“挑战” 和防御性唤醒。这些反应，反过来，调解(A) 信息处理缺陷和偏见，以及(B)防御性互动 战略，例如，权力主张或社会贬低。成人“力量” 修复“的努力随后导致唤醒，回避者 反应，以及儿童的表现缺陷。 预测在研究中得到验证，这些研究既包括自然主义者也包括 试验性、横截面和纵向设计。研究a 重点研究高、低功率成人的信息加工模式 试图教反应灵敏的孩子和反应迟钝的孩子。研究B 关注高功率和低功率父母之间的自发互动 和他们自己的孩子。研究C关注父母之间的互动 和孩子们在性唤醒后的操纵。研究D评估 儿童对该事件的反应(情绪、行为和认知) 知觉能力低的成年人的教学风格。研究E探讨 被感知的社会权力在多大程度上代表了一种长期的- 可访问的图式，即社会威胁思维高度可访问 那些自我感觉能力较低的人。研究F探索长期的 父母权力观念的后遗症。作为社区虐待的一部分 预防工作，将评估孕妇对权力的看法 在孩子出生前，其气质特点 儿童将在出生时接受评估。虐待或虐待的未来实例 强制性专利将被评估为对父母的综合作用 权力知觉与儿童气质特征。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): The proposed research, using concepts and theories drawn from social psychology, tests hypotheses regarding factors that create risk for family violence and other dysfunctional caregiving. The ways in which parents and children interact and process social information are expected to be influenced by interpersonal power perceptions. Parents who perceive children as having more social power than self are predicted to be highly reactive to apparent "challenge" from children responding with negative affect and defensive arousal. These responses, in turn, mediate (a) information-processing deficits and biases, and (b) defensive interaction strategies, e.g., power assertion or social derogation. Adult "power repair" efforts subsequently lead to elevated arousal, avoidant responses, and performance deficits in children. Predictions are tested within studies that include both naturalistic and experimental, and cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. Study a focuses on information-processing patterns of high and low power adults attempting to teach responsive versus unresponsive children. Study B focuses on spontaneous interaction between high and low power parents and their own children. Study C focuses on interaction between parents and children following an arousal manipulation. Study D assesses the responses (emotional, behavioral, and cognitive) of children to the teaching style of adults with low perceived power. Study E explores the extent to which perceived social power represents a chronically- accessible schema, i.e., social threat ideation is highly accessible for those with low self-perceived power. Study F explores the long-term sequelae of parental power perceptions. As part of a community abuse prevention effort, power perceptions of pregnant women will be assessed before the birth of the child, and temperament characteristics of children will be assessed at birth. Future instances of abusive or coercive patenting will be assessed as a combined function on parental power perceptions and child temperament characteristics.