DIET--ENDOCRINE STUDY OF BREAST AND PROSTATE CANCER

前列腺癌和乳腺癌几乎占所有癌症的三分之一。 美国的癌症。这些肿瘤，已经被 以荷尔蒙相关为特征的癌症是美国最主要的癌症 男人和女人。尽管存在明显的性别差异，但这些癌症有共同的 实质上的共同点[例如相似的发病率，平行的 各种因素的流行病学关系(高脂饮食、肥胖、 等)以及类似的提出的致病途径]。一位学者 寻求奖励是为了扩大申请人对以下问题的理解 这些与激素相关的癌症。这项工作是由初级导师赞助的 芭芭拉·里默，博士，有相关项目的计划经验 导演：詹姆斯·伊格尔哈特，医学博士，埃里克·维纳，医学博士，克劳德·休斯，医学博士 博士和卡里·罗伯逊，杜克大学和北方大学医学博士 卡罗莱纳的保罗·戈德利，医学博士，博士和博伊德·斯威策博士 拟议计划的目标是为申请者提供一个工作机会 前列腺癌、乳腺癌、内分泌学和分子生物学的知识基础 生物学/基因调控--补充她的知识基础 作为一名营养学家的技能，并使她能够确定适当的 这些地区营养干预的中间终点。这 培训将为申请者提供必要的跳板 这些领域的翻译研究以及成为 预防肿瘤学方面的独立研究员。 研究项目是拟议培训的重点，并将 允许调查者扩大并继续她对饮食、身体的兴趣 脂肪及其分布，以及它们与人体的连续体 肿瘤疾病。这项研究的标题是《探索和干预 与乳腺癌辅助化疗相关的体重增加。 体重增加是接受佐剂治疗的女性的常见副作用 乳腺癌的化疗--一直被报道的一种 在过去的二十年里。对于某些疗法，收益超过22% 每四名女性中就有一人体重过重。这种体重增加可能是 不受欢迎。首先，它可能会产生深刻的负面心理社会影响 关于一群可能已经有折衷自我意识的患者 尊重。其次，最近的研究结果表明，在治疗期间体重增加 与存活率下降有关。虽然佐剂期间体重增加 乳腺癌的化疗在临床上得到了很好的评价，很少 已经进行了一项研究，以调查 这种能量不平衡。适当的干预措施要到 这是众所周知的。 建议研究的具体目的如下：1) 量化能量摄入量和特定能量成分的变化 支出(即静息代谢率、饮食诱导产热和 100例绝经前乳腺癌患者接受体力活动治疗 辅助化疗[环磷酰胺6个月方案 甲氨蝶呤-5-氟尿嘧啶(CMF)或环磷酰胺多沙鲁巴菌素-5 氟尿嘧啶(CAF)]和2)使用这项拟议研究的结果 制定适当的干预措施以防止体重增加 人口。这一研究途径有可能增加 乳腺癌患者接受手术治疗后的生活质量和数量 辅助化疗，同时对我们的 了解体重与癌症的关系。

Cancers of the prostate and breast constitute almost one-third of all cancers in the United States. These neoplasms, which have been characterized as hormonally-linked, are the leading cancers in American men and women. Despite obvious gender differences, these cancers share a substantial common ground [eg. similar rates of incidence, parallel epidemiologic relationships to various factors (high fat diet, obesity, etc.) and analogous proposed pathways of etiopathogenesis]. An academic award is sought in efforts to broaden the applicant's understanding of these hormone-related cancers. This effort is sponsored by primary mentor Barbara Rimer, Dr.PH, with planned experiences in relevant programs directed by James Iglehart, M.D., Eric Winer, M.D., Claude Hughes, M.D., Ph.D., and Cary Robertson, M.D. of Duke, and University of North Carolina's Paul Godley, M.D., Ph.D. and Boyd Switzer, Ph.D. The ultimate goal of the proposed program is to provide the applicant with a working knowledge-base in prostate and breast cancer, endocrinology and molecular biology/genetic regulation - a knowledge base that would complement her skills as a nutritionist and enable her to identify appropriate intermediate end points for nutrition intervention in these areas. This training will afford the applicant the springboard necessary for translational research in these areas and the opportunity to become an independent investigator in preventive oncology. A research project is a focal piece of the proposed training, and will permit the investigator to broaden and continue her interest in diet, body fat and its distribution, and their relationship to the continuum of neoplastic disease. The study is entitled "Exploration and Intervention in Weight Gain Associated with Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer." Weight gain is a common side effect in women receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer - one that has been consistently reported throughout the past twenty years. For some therapies, gains of over 22 pounds are seen in one out of four women. This weight gain may be undesirable. First, it may have a profoundly negative psychosocial impact on a group of patients who may already have a compromised sense of self esteem. Second, recent findings suggest that weight gain during therapy is associated with decreased survival. Although weight gain during adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer is well-appreciated clinically, little research has been conducted to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this energy imbalance. Appropriate interventions cannot be developed until this is known. The specific aims of the proposed research are as follows: 1) to quantitate changes in energy intake and specific components of energy expenditure (ie. resting metabolic rate, diet-induced thermogenesis and physical activity) in 100 premenopausal breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy [six month regimens of cyclophosphamide + methotrexate + 5 fluorouracil (CMF) or cyclophosphamide + doxarubacin + 5 fluorouracil (CAF)] and 2) to use the findings of this proposed research to develop an appropriate intervention to prevent weight gain in this population. This research avenue has the potential to increase both the quantity and quality of life for breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy, while making an overall contribution to our understanding of body weight and cancer.