ACQUISITION AND RETENTION OF SKILLED VISUAL SEARCH

熟练视觉搜索的获取和保留

• 批准号: 2440724
• 负责人: MAUREEN SCHMITTER-EDGECOMBE
• 金额: $ 6.29万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-01-01 至 1999-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2440724
• 关键词: attention; brain injury; clinical research; human subject; learning; performance; visual perception; visual tracking

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Description): Human beings are able to become skilled at most complex tasks (e.g., driving) because they learn to automatize portions of the task. Despite the importance of automaticity in skill development. few studies have systematically investigated automatic process development in brain injured populations. Search tasks have been used in the laboratory to study the development of automatic processes. The proposed study will use a visually-based search task to examine skill acquisition and automatic process development in a severe closed-head injured (CHI) population. Because the automatization of task components is integral to developing skilled performances, a theoretical understanding of automatic process development after severe CHI should have important implications for remediation procedures. Across several sessions of training, CHI participants and matched controls will complete a semantic category visual search task in consistent mapping (CM) and varied mapping (VM) training situations. The investigators have shown that the CM training condition results in dramatic performance improvements and the development of an automatic attention response (AAR). VM training, on the other hand, results in little performance improvement and the continued reliance on attention-demanding or controlled processes. By comparing performances in the CM and VM conditions, the investigators propose to be able to evaluate the rate and acquisition of skilled visual search performance following a severe CHI. Transfer conditions will be used to test for general, task-related learning and for the development of an AAR, independent of general performance improvement. These data are expected to provide initial evidence for the ability of severe CHI participants to acquire general, task-related skills and develop an AAR in a visual search situation. Further studies can then examine, for example, transfer of automatized task components to more complex tasks, and ability to modify previously learned and automatized processes (i.e., "old habits").

描述（根据申请人的描述改编）：人类是 能够在大多数复杂的任务（例如驾驶）上变得熟练，因为他们 学会自动化任务的部分。 尽管很重要 技能开发的自动化。 很少有系统的研究 研究了脑损伤人群的自动过程发展。 实验室已使用搜索任务来研究 自动过程。 拟议的研究将使用基于视觉的搜索 检查技能获取和自动过程开发的任务 严重的闭合受伤（CHI）人群。 因为 任务组件是开发熟练表现不可或缺的一部分 严重CHI后自动过程发展的理论理解 应该对补救程序有重要影响。 在几次培训，Chi参与者和匹配的控件中 将在一致的映射中完成语义类别的视觉搜索任务 （CM）和不同的映射（VM）培训情况。 调查人员有 表明CM训练条件会导致出色的性能 改进和自动注意响应的发展（AAR）。 另一方面，VM培训几乎没有提高性能 持续依赖注意力或受控过程。 通过比较CM和VM条件中的性能，研究人员 建议能够评估熟练视觉的速度和获取 严重的CHI后搜索性能。 转移条件将使用 测试一般，与任务相关的学习和开发 AAR，独立于一般绩效改进。 这些数据是 预计将提供严重chi能力的初步证据 参与者获得一般性，任务相关的技能，并在A中发展AAR 视觉搜索情况。 然后，进一步的研究可以检查，例如 自动化任务组件转移到更复杂的任务和能力 修改先前学习和自动化的过程（即“旧习惯”）。