Cognitive Recovery after Traumatic Brain Injury

脑外伤后的认知恢复

• 批准号: 6881399
• 负责人: MAUREEN SCHMITTER-EDGECOMBE
• 金额: $ 15.35万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-15 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6881399
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; clinical research; cognition disorders; cognitive behavior therapy; functional ability; human subject; learning; medical rehabilitation related tag; memory; memory disorders; mental process; patient oriented research; perception; psychological tests; rehabilitation; semantics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a disorder of public health concern that has ramifications not only for the individual, but also for their family, the public health system, and the economy. The majority of TBIs affect people in the prime of their vocational productivity. Despite decades of work in the area of cognitive rehabilitation, a recent evidence report summarizing research on the efficacy of cognitive remediation after TBI revealed predominately negative results. This is partly because there is currently no empirically supported theory about cognitive recovery from TBI to guide intervention strategies. This study will provide better scientific evidence to guide cognitive remediation by more fully characterizing the potential early learning mechanisms of TBI patients, and by prospectively evaluating the recovery trajectories of both automatic and controlled cognitive processes. TBI patients will complete experimental tasks designed to assess automatic and more controlled components of visual search, semantic priming, and memory. These task will be administered following the TBI patients emergence from post-traumatic amnesia, and then again at 2-, 6-, and 12-month intervals. Control participants will complete the tasks at similar intervals following baseline testing. Perceptually-based implicit learning abilities and memory-based skill learning abilities will also be evaluated acutely following injury. If restitution of function of automatic processes occurs early in recovery and before controlled processes, then training techniques that tap into residual automatic skills or capitalize on processes that can be made automatic through practice could prove vital for early interventions, facilitating recovery and improving ultimate cognitive outcome. Furthermore, an understanding of the recovery trajectories of automatic processes could help refine models for predicting rehabilitative gains and aid in rehabilitative planning and resource allocation as automatic processes often serve as a "data base" for more controlled processes.

描述（由申请人提供）：创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是一种引起公众健康关注的疾病，不仅对个人，而且对其家庭、公共卫生系统和经济都有影响。大多数 TBI 影响处于职业生产力巅峰的人。尽管认知康复领域已经开展了数十年的工作，但最近的一份证据报告总结了创伤性脑损伤后认知治疗效果的研究，结果显示主要是负面结果。部分原因是目前还没有关于 TBI 认知恢复的实证支持理论来指导干预策略。这项研究将通过更全面地描述 TBI 患者潜在的早期学习机制，并前瞻性评估自动和受控认知过程的恢复轨迹，为指导认知治疗提供更好的科学证据。 TBI 患者将完成旨在评估视觉搜索、语义启动和记忆的自动且更受控制的组件的实验任务。这些任务将在 TBI 患者从创伤后遗忘中苏醒后执行，然后每隔 2、6 和 12 个月再次执行。对照参与者将在基线测试后以相似的时间间隔完成任务。基于感知的内隐学习能力和基于记忆的技能学习能力也将在受伤后得到敏锐的评估。如果自动过程功能的恢复发生在恢复早期和受控过程之前，那么利用剩余自动技能或利用可通过实践实现自动化的过程的训练技术可能对早期干预、促进恢复和改善最终认知结果至关重要。此外，了解自动过程的恢复轨迹可以帮助完善预测康复收益的模型，并有助于康复规划和资源分配，因为自动过程通常充当更多受控过程的“数据库”。