Cognitive Recovery after Traumatic Brain Injury

脑外伤后的认知恢复

• 批准号: 6881399
• 负责人: MAUREEN SCHMITTER-EDGECOMBE
• 金额: $ 15.35万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-15 至 2008-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6881399
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; clinical research; cognition disorders; cognitive behavior therapy; functional ability; human subject; learning; medical rehabilitation related tag; memory; memory disorders; mental process; patient oriented research; perception; psychological tests; rehabilitation; semantics

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a disorder of public health concern that has ramifications not only for the individual, but also for their family, the public health system, and the economy. The majority of TBIs affect people in the prime of their vocational productivity. Despite decades of work in the area of cognitive rehabilitation, a recent evidence report summarizing research on the efficacy of cognitive remediation after TBI revealed predominately negative results. This is partly because there is currently no empirically supported theory about cognitive recovery from TBI to guide intervention strategies. This study will provide better scientific evidence to guide cognitive remediation by more fully characterizing the potential early learning mechanisms of TBI patients, and by prospectively evaluating the recovery trajectories of both automatic and controlled cognitive processes. TBI patients will complete experimental tasks designed to assess automatic and more controlled components of visual search, semantic priming, and memory. These task will be administered following the TBI patients emergence from post-traumatic amnesia, and then again at 2-, 6-, and 12-month intervals. Control participants will complete the tasks at similar intervals following baseline testing. Perceptually-based implicit learning abilities and memory-based skill learning abilities will also be evaluated acutely following injury. If restitution of function of automatic processes occurs early in recovery and before controlled processes, then training techniques that tap into residual automatic skills or capitalize on processes that can be made automatic through practice could prove vital for early interventions, facilitating recovery and improving ultimate cognitive outcome. Furthermore, an understanding of the recovery trajectories of automatic processes could help refine models for predicting rehabilitative gains and aid in rehabilitative planning and resource allocation as automatic processes often serve as a "data base" for more controlled processes.

描述（由申请人提供）：创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是一种公共卫生问题的疾病，不仅对个人，家庭，公共卫生系统和经济都有影响。大多数TBI会影响人们的职业生产力。尽管在认知康复领域进行了数十年的工作，但最近的证据报告总结了TBI后认知补救效果的研究，揭示了主要负面结果。这部分是因为目前尚无关于从TBI到指导干预策略的认知恢复的经验支持的理论。这项研究将提供更好的科学证据来指导认知补救，通过更充分地表征TBI患者的潜在早期学习机制，并前瞻性地评估自动和受控认知过程的恢复轨迹。 TBI患者将完成旨在评估视觉搜索，语义启动和记忆的自动和更受控组件的实验任务。这些任务将在创伤后失忆症中出现的TBI患者出现之后，然后在2个，6个月和12个月的时间内再次服用。基线测试后，控制参与者将以类似的间隔完成任务。受伤后，基于感知的隐式学习能力和基于记忆的技能学习能力也将得到敏锐的评估。如果自动过程的功能恢复作用在恢复早期和受控过程之前发生，那么训练技术涉及剩余的自动技能或利用可以通过练习进行自动进行的过程的训练技术可能对早期干预，促进恢复并改善最终的认知结果。此外，对自动过程的恢复轨迹的理解可以帮助完善模型，以预测康复的收益，并有助于康复计划和资源分配，因为自动过程通常是更受控过程的“数据库”。