Automatic DfMA Design Generator (ADAGE): An Internet of Things tool to instill adoption of DfMA by Building Designers

自动 DfMA 设计生成器 (ADAGE)：一种物联网工具，可帮助建筑设计师逐步采用 DfMA

• 批准号: 80616
• 金额: $ 54.5万
• 依托单位: WHITE FROG PUBLISHING LIMITED
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Collaborative R&D
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=80616
• 关键词: Automatic; DfMA; Design; Generator; ADAGE

**DEFINITIONS****Concept-design:** Design team's initial response to a project brief.**Detailed-design:** A design with full details, developed from approved concept-design**SUMMARY**Due to coronavirus lockdown, UK Construction Total Activity Index dropped to 39.3 in March from 52.6 in February; the steepest fall in construction output in 11-years (IHS-Markit, 2020). Government wants to use the coronavirus crisis as an opportunity "to build the homes" and plans to "build build build" as part of recovery plans for construction industry and wider economy, announcing £5bn infrastructure and £12billion affordable newbuild homes investments (PrimeMinister's office,2020). Unfortunately, current/traditional construction methods are too inefficient to achieve this in the required time as they are mostly responsible for the current record housing backlog/deficit of 4milliom-homes (National Housing Federation,2018; BBC Housing-Briefing,2020; McKinsey & Company,2019), and were way off-track to achieve national infrastructure programme's proposed £650billion projects worth by 2025Current/traditional construction methods are slow, costly, poor quality and relatively unsafe. Compared to manufacturing industry, its poor productivity has cost UK economy £140billion (including tax) over 20years (Mace,2018). Alluding to the problem, the government backs construction industry in its attempt to emulate manufacturing industry by switching to Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) (Construction Sector Deal, 2018). DfMA trial projects led to reduction of 60%, 44% and 70%+ in duration, cost and onsite labour respectively, 73% improvement in quality and 80% improvement in overall productivity compared to traditional methods (RIBA,2008).Despite the many gains, efforts towards DfMA approach's wider adoption has been unsuccessful, with less than 5% of designers employing the approach. Research by CIOB, RIBA and AECOM show the lack of adoption is because current designers were trained/taught to design for construction and have practised this method for long. Attempts to use CPD trainings have yielded only slight benefit as designers claim being too busy. However, the pandemic has now meant near zero trainees/designers registering, with the training companies and construction output bearing the bruntThis project thus aims to use digital means to encourage a wider DfMA adoption by developing a BIM software plugin that automatically generates DfMA concept-designs based on key building design parameters from client/project brief (e.g. material choice, building use/purpose, etc.)The proposed plugin will use Internet of Things, Blockchain Technology, cloud computing, artificial intelligence algorithms (AIA) and big data analytics and include the following:1)**Automatic DfMA concept-design generator:** will generate multiple concept-designs based on input parameters. Designs will be editable to achieve 'detailed-design' to suit designers' preference. Designs will be generated using:1a) Parametric modelling AIAs which will use historic data of former DfMA designs to produce new solutions1b)Generative design AIAs to improve new solutions, producing many valid high performance but cost effective options.2)**DfMA component adviser:** will suggest components (e.g. lattice-slab, shell-beams etc.) usable to edit an adopted DfMA concept-design to achieve detailed-design that suits designers' preference.3)**DfMA component availability and price checker:** will provide information on DfMA components prices, delivery times, availability, suppliers' locations, etc.4)**DfMA designs comparison tool:** will compare selected generated/edited designs based on total cost, estimated duration,etc.

**定义****概念设计：**设计团队对项目简介的初步回应。**详细设计：**根据批准的概念设计开发的具有完整细节的设计**摘要**由于冠状病毒封锁，英国建筑业总活动指数从 2 月份的 52.6 降至 3 月份的 39.3；建筑产出创 11 年来最大跌幅（IHS-Markit，2020 年）。政府希望利用冠状病毒危机作为“建造房屋”的机会，并计划将“建建建”作为建筑业和更广泛经济复苏计划的一部分，宣布投资 50 亿英镑的基础设施和 120 亿英镑的经济适用新建住宅投资（首相办公室，2020 年）。不幸的是，当前/传统的施工方法效率太低，无法在所需的时间内实现这一目标，因为它们是造成目前创纪录的 400 万套住房积压/短缺的主要原因（国家住房联合会，2018 年；BBC 住房简报，2020 年；麦肯锡公司，2019 年），并且远远偏离了实现国家基础设施计划拟议的价值 6500 亿英镑项目的轨道。 2025当前/传统 施工方法速度慢、成本高、质量差且相对不安全。与制造业相比，其低下的生产率在 20 年来使英国经济损失了 1400 亿英镑（含税）（Mace，2018）。提到这个问题，政府支持建筑业尝试通过转向制造和装配设计 (DfMA) 来效仿制造业（建筑业交易，2018 年）。与传统方法相比，DfMA 试验项目的工期、成本和现场劳动力分别减少了 60%、44% 和 70% 以上，质量提高了 73%，整体生产率提高了 80%（RIBA，2008）。尽管取得了很多成果，但 DfMA 方法更广泛采用的努力并不成功，只有不到 5% 的设计师采用该方法。 CIOB、RIBA 和 AECOM 的研究表明，缺乏采用是因为当前的设计师接受了建筑设计方面的培训/教导，并且长期实践了这种方法。由于设计师声称太忙，因此尝试使用 CPD 培训只取得了轻微的效果。然而，大流行现在意味着注册学员/设计师几乎为零，培训公司和建筑产出首当其冲。因此，该项目旨在通过开发一个 BIM 软件插件，使用数字手段鼓励更广泛的 DfMA 采用，该插件根据客户/项目简介中的关键建筑设计参数（例如材料选择、建筑用途/目的等）自动生成 DfMA 概念设计。拟议的插件将使用物联网、区块链技术、云 计算、人工智能算法 (AIA) 和大数据分析，包括以下内容：1) **自动 DfMA 概念设计生成器：** 将根据输入参数生成多个概念设计。设计将可编辑以实现“详细设计”，以满足设计师的偏好。设计将使用以下方式生成：1a) 参数化建模 AIA 将使用以前 DfMA 设计的历史数据来生成新的解决方案1b) 生成设计 AIA 来改进新的解决方案，生成许多有效的高性能但具有成本效益的选项。2)**DfMA 组件顾问：** 将建议组件（例如晶格板、壳梁等），可用于编辑采用的 DfMA 概念设计以实现详细设计 3)**DfMA 组件可用性和价格检查器：** 将提供有关 DfMA 组件价格、交货时间、可用性、供应商位置等的信息。4)**DfMA 设计比较工具：** 将根据总成本、预计工期等比较选定的生成/编辑的设计。