REGULATION OF CYTOKINESIS IN BUDDING YEAST

芽殖酵母细胞分裂的调节

• 批准号: 2898371
• 负责人: RONG LI
• 金额: $ 24.96万
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-08-01 至 2003-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2898371
• 关键词: actins; cell cycle; cell cycle proteins; cytogenetics; fungal genetics; fungal proteins; immunocytochemistry; microorganism reproduction; myosins; protein localization; video microscopy; yeasts

Cytokinesis is a crucial step in mitotic cell division which is the basis for the growth and development of eukaryotic organisms as well as for pathological conditions such as cancer. Cytokinesis is also an important mechanism for the generation of embryonic asymmetry. Therefore, understanding the mechanism and regulation of cytokinesis is likely to have broad medical implications. In animal cells, cytokinesis is known to be dependent on an actomyosin-based contractile ring. Our long term goal is to understand the spatial and temporal regulation of contratile ring assembly and function. This knowledge could also facilitate studies of other actomyosin-dependent cellular processes, such as cell locomotion and purse-string wound healing. We have recently identified an actomyosin-based ring structure in budding yeast and demonstrated its critical function during cyokinesis. This finding provides a unique opportunity for studyinh this fundamental process using a combination of genetic, biochemical and video microscopy approaches in yeast. Specifically, Dr. Li will investigate the mechanism of actin and myosin II localization during contractile ring assembly, the regulation of actomyosin ring contraction, as well as the mechanism of ring disassembly during contraction. A second goal is to understand how cytokinesis is coordinated with anaphase spindle dynamics, because such coordination is important for the successful partitioning of genetic material to progeny cells. We have already identified several structural and signaling proteins that play crucial roles in the actomyosin ring activities, and checkpoint proteins that are likely to be important for the coordination of cytokinesis with other anaphase events. We will carry out further genetic and biochemical analysis to determine their mechanism of function. Because most of these proteins have mammalian homologs, our findings should facilitate studies of similar processes in other eukaryotic organisms.

细胞因子是有丝分裂细胞分裂的关键步骤，这是基础 为真核生物的生长和发展以及 病理状况，例如癌症。细胞因子也是重要的 产生胚胎不对称的机制。因此，理解 细胞因子的机制和调节可能具有广泛的医学 含义。在动物细胞中，已知细胞因子取决于 基于肌动球蛋白的收缩环。我们的长期目标是了解 对矛盾环组件和功能的空间和时间调节。这 知识还可以促进其他依赖肌动蛋白依赖性细胞的研究 过程，例如细胞运动和钱包弦乐伤口愈合。我们有 最近确定了在发芽酵母和 证明了其在球毒素过程中的关键功能。这一发现提供了一个 学习这个基本过程的独特机会，结合了 酵母中的遗传，生化和视频显微镜方法。 特别是，Li博士将研究肌动蛋白和肌球蛋白II的机制 收缩环组件期间的定位，肌动蛋白的调节 环收缩以及环拆卸的机理 收缩。第二个目标是了解细胞因子如何与 后期主轴动力学，因为这种协调对 成功将遗传物质分配到后代细胞。我们已经 确定了几种在 Actomyosin环活动和可能是检查点蛋白 对于其他后期事件的胞质分子协调至关重要。我们 将进行进一步的遗传和生化分析，以确定其 功能机理。因为这些蛋白质大多数都有哺乳动物同源物，所以 我们的发现应促进其他真核过程中类似过程的研究 有机体。