STATISTICAL METHODS FOR OUTCOME-DEPENDENT SAMPLING

结果相关抽样的统计方法

• 批准号: 2903469
• 负责人: HAIBO ZHOU
• 金额: $ 9.24万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-01 至 2002-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2903469
• 关键词: clinical research; computer data analysis; computer program /software; data collection methodology /evaluation; epidemiology; human data; mathematical model; method development; model design /development; outcomes research; statistics /biometry

The main objective of this grant application is to develop and evaluate improved statistical methods for the design and analysis of epidemiologic studies conducted with an outcome-dependent sampling (ODS) scheme. Sampling strategies that lead to a more cost-effective design in a given setting will be investigated. The proposed methods are particularly useful for cancer and environmental research because exposure misclassification and expensive exposure assessment are frequent challenges. The proposal consists of four projects. The first project deals with a onestage ODS design with a continuous outcome variable. In this project, two methods for making inferences about regression parameters will be studied: a semiparametric likelihood approach for observed ODS sample, and a pseudo-likelihood approach for further improving efficiency when the values of the outcome variable are known for the underlying cohort. The second project considers a new inference procedure for case-control studies in the presence of surrogate and missing/mismeasured exposure information. The third project concerns a new semiparametric likelihood based inference procedure that improves study efficiency by combining a superior measurement of exposure from the ODS sample and an inferior measurement from the underlying cohort population. The fourth project considers a new semiparametric likelihood based inference procedure for a two-stage ODS design with a continuous outcome variable. This design uses the information on surrogate or confounding covariates for subjects in stage one, to target sampling from certain subpopulations in the second stage of sampling. The strengths and weaknesses of each proposed method will be critically examined via theoretical investigations and simulation studies. Comparisons with existing methods will be conducted. Related software will be developed. Data sets from ongoing epidemiologic studies on the effects of environmental and nutritional exposures, and on cancer and cardiovascular disease will be analyzed using the methods developed. These include the Magnetic Fields and Breast Cancer Risk Study, the Collaborative Perinatal Project, the Cancer Risk in Uranium Miners Study, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Study, and the Epidemiology of Exertion, Stress, and Preterm Delivery Study.

这项拨款申请的主要目的是发展和评估改进的统计方法，以设计和分析采用结果相关抽样（ODS）计划进行的流行病学研究。将调查在给定环境中导致更具成本效益的设计的抽样策略。所提出的方法对癌症和环境研究特别有用，因为暴露错误分类和昂贵的暴露评估是经常面临的挑战。该提案包括四个项目。第一个项目处理具有连续结果变量的单阶段ODS设计。在本项目中，将研究两种对回归参数进行推断的方法：对观察到的ODS样本采用半参数似然法，而当潜在队列的结果变量值已知时，采用伪似然法进一步提高效率。第二个项目考虑在存在替代和缺失/错误测量暴露信息的情况下进行病例对照研究的新推断程序。第三个项目涉及一种新的基于半参数似然的推断程序，该程序通过结合ODS样本暴露的优越测量和潜在队列人群的劣等测量来提高研究效率。第四个项目考虑了具有连续结果变量的两阶段ODS设计的新的半参数似然推理程序。该设计使用第一阶段受试者的替代协变量或混杂协变量信息，在第二阶段的抽样中从某些亚群中进行目标抽样。每个提出的方法的优点和缺点将通过理论调查和模拟研究进行严格审查。将与现有方法进行比较。开发相关软件。将使用所制定的方法分析正在进行的关于环境和营养暴露的影响以及对癌症和心血管疾病的影响的流行病学研究的数据集。这些研究包括磁场和乳腺癌风险研究、围产期合作项目、铀矿工人癌症风险研究、社区动脉粥样硬化风险研究、妊娠、感染和营养研究以及劳累、压力和早产流行病学研究。