High Speed Cryogenic Blasting for Rail Cleaning to Alleviate Low Adhesion

用于钢轨清洁的高速低温喷砂，以缓解低粘附性如果列车无法按要求停车，车轮/钢轨界面的低粘附性会导致安全问题。相关的延误导致罚款和乘客不满。不可预测的制动和牵引力是车轮/轨道接触中附着条件的变化。出现的波动主要与轨头上存在的污染物有关，例如水（如露水或降水）、树叶、油、金属氧化物或磨损碎屑。解决这个问题的一种方法是清洁轨头，使其表面更加一致。以前的工作表明，使用干冰喷射的轨头清洁比目前使用的水喷射提供了许多好处。当干冰颗粒撞击污染物层时，它们会冷却污染物层，导致污染物层破裂和脱粘。进一步的轰击，以及当弹丸变成气体时的爆炸，然后将其清除。这种方法不会留下残留物质，也不会损坏车轮或铁轨。2019年秋季，一个公路到铁路安装的系统在五条路线上与Network Rail成功试用。该系统现在可以用于清洁轨头处理列车（RHTT）无法通过的轨道，并将用于西部高地线，以清洁整个2020年秋季。在这个项目中，在利益相关者的支持下，如网络铁路，北方列车有限公司，Stagecoach Supertram（谢菲尔德）和Nexus（Tyne and Wear Metro）将开展工作，开发一种高速低温清洁系统，其运行速度至少为60 mph，以匹配当前RHTT的运行能力，并评估在客运列车上具有清洁能力的可行性。这将涉及在Nexus轨头处理列车和北方列车有限公司的客运列车上进行试验。开发工作将使用哈德斯菲尔德哈罗德大学的全尺寸轮轨试验台（可运行至125英里/小时）进行，以找到这些车辆比以前测试中使用的更高速度的最佳应用参数。由于低温颗粒可以在火车上产生，它们的使用允许高速铁路头部处理平台比当前的RHTT小得多，并且它们将能够清洁更长的距离。

High Speed Cryogenic Blasting for Rail Cleaning to Alleviate Low Adhesion Low adhesion in the wheel/rail interface causes safety concerns if a train is unable to stop as required. Associated delays result in fines and passenger dissatisfaction. Unpredictable braking and traction is the variation in adhesion conditions in the wheel/rail contact. The fluctuations that occur are largely related to the presence of contaminants on the rail head such as water (as dew or precipitation), leaves, oil, metal oxides or wear debris. One way to overcome the problem is to clean the rail head to leave a more consistent surface. Previous work has shown that rail head cleaning using dry-ice blasting provides many benefits over the water jetting currently used. As the dry-ice pellets impact a contaminant layer they cool it causing it to crack and debond. Further bombardment, and the blast as the pellets turn into gas, then acts to remove it. This approach leaves no residual material and will not damage wheels or rails. In Autumn 2019 a road-to-rail mounted system was successfully trialled with Network Rail across five routes. This system can now be rolled out to clean rail where rail head treatment trains (RHTTs) are unable to pass and will be used on the West Highland Line to clean for the whole of Autumn 2020. In this project, with support of stakeholders such as Network Rail, Northern Trains Ltd., Stagecoach Supertram (Sheffield) and Nexus (Tyne and Wear Metro), work will be carried out develop a high speed cryogenic cleaning system that can operate at at least 60mph to match the operating capability of a current RHTT and asses the viability of having cleaning capability on passenger trains. This will involve adapting the technology for trials on the Nexus Rail Head Treatment Train and a Northern Trains Ltd. passenger train. Development work will be carried out using the University of Huddersfield HAROLD full-scle wheel/rail test-rig (which can operate up to 125mph) to find the optimum application parameters for the higher speeds attained by these vehicles over those used in previous testing. As the cryogenic pellets can be generated onboard a train, their use allows a high speed rail head treatment platform to be much smaller than a current RHTT and they will be able to clean for longer distances.