RACISM, SOCIAL SUPPORT, AND ALCOHOL USE AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN AFRICAN AMERICANS

非裔美国人的种族主义、社会支持、饮酒和血压

• 批准号: 6200926
• 负责人: ELWOOD L ROBINSON
• 金额: $ 12.5万
• 依托单位: NORTH CAROLINA CENTRAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-01 至 2000-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6200926
• 关键词: African American; age difference; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; blood pressure; clinical research; cooperative study; coping; disease /disorder proneness /risk; gender difference; human data; hypertension; mental health; prejudice; psychological models; psychological stressor; quality of life; social status; social support network; socioeconomics; statistics /biometry

Two of the leading threats to american health are high blood pressure and alcohol-abuse. It is well documented that high blood pressure is linearly related to higher rates of certain forms of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, and the relationship between hypertension and mortality is especially strong for African Americans. Moreover, African Americans alcoholics may run a greater risk than white alcoholics for blood pressure elevations as their drinking careers lengthen. Stressors, or the problems and pressures of life, have long been suspected as culprits linked to both hypertension and alcohol abuse. Racism has been reported to prevail as a primary stressor facing African Americans today. Several studies have described the potentially damaging social, economic, and political consequences of racism and its negative effects on individual well-being (Jaynes & Williams, 1989; Katz & Taylor, 1988; Schuman, Steeth, & Bobo, 1985). Recent studies from epidemiological literature have suggested that exposure to chronic stress of racism, prejudice, and discrimination may contribute to the disproportionately high rates of hypertension among African Americans. Social support has been purported to exert a buffering effect in ameliorating or attenuating the deleterious effects of stress on physical and mental health . Many epidemiological studies suggest that social support is related to reduced morbidity and mortality, particularly for cardiovascular disease. However, most of these studies have focused on white populations in the United States, Western Europe, and Scandinavia. This study proposes to investigate racism/discrimination, social support, alcohol use, and blood pressure in subjects that were drawn from a random sample survey of household residents in Erie county, New York. Overall, three waves of data are available for both cross-sectional and longitudinal data analysis. The specific aims are: (l) To examine the influence of racism on alcohol use and BP in African Americans; (2) To determine if social support buffers these relations and investigate the relation between social network measures and social support; and (3) To assess the effects of age, gender, and socioeconomic status on the above relations.

对美国健康的两个主要威胁是高血 压力和饮酒。有充分记录的高血 压力与某些形式的较高速率线性相关 冠心病（CHD）和中风以及关系 在高血压和死亡率之间对非洲尤其强大 美国人。此外，非裔美国人的酗酒者可能会更大 风险比白人酗酒者的血压高程 饮酒职业延长。 压力源或问题和压力 长期以来，人们一直怀疑是罪魁祸首 高血压和酗酒。据报道种族主义盛行 作为当今非裔美国人面临的主要压力源。一些 研究描述了潜在的破坏社会，经济， 种族主义的政治后果及其对 个人福祉（Jaynes＆Williams，1989; Katz＆Taylor，1988; Schuman，Steeth和Bobo，1985）。流行病学的最新研究 文献表明，暴露于种族主义的慢性压力， 偏见和歧视可能有助于 非洲的高血压率不成比例 美国人。据称社会支持已进行缓冲 改善或减轻有害影响的影响 对身心健康的压力。许多流行病学研究 表明社会支持与发病率降低有关 死亡率，特别是对于心血管疾病。但是，大多数 其中的研究集中在联合的白人人群上 国家，西欧和斯堪的纳维亚州。这项研究提出了 调查种族主义/歧视，社会支持，饮酒和 从随机样品中抽出的受试者的血压 纽约伊利县的家庭居民调查。全面的， 横截面和 纵向数据分析。具体目的是：（l）检查 种族主义对非裔美国人饮酒和BP的影响； （2）确定社会支持是否缓解了这些关系以及 研究社交网络措施与社会之间的关系 支持; （3）评估年龄，性别和 上述关系的社会经济地位。