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Joachim von Ribbentrop and the Evolution of German Foreign Policy, 1932-45

约阿希姆·冯·里宾特洛甫和德国外交政策的演变，1932-45 年

基本信息

批准号：
AH/H037543/1
负责人：
Geoff Waddington
金额：
$ 3.71万
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Fellowship
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2010 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FH037543%2F1
关键词：
Joachim von Ribbentrop Evolution German

项目摘要

The principal objective of this research project is to complete a monograph which firmly places the views, activities and impact of Hitler's former ambassador and foreign minister, Joachim von Ribbentrop, within the context of the international developments of the 1930s and 1940s. Ribbentrop is a much maligned figure in the historiography of the Second World War. He is depicted almost without exception in both scholarly and popular literature as a man devoid of ideas and initiative, a slavish servant of Hitler, an incompetent lightweight and a diplomatic nonentity. Even at the time, however, it was acknowledged that he enjoyed a position of unparalleled intimacy with Hitler whose closest confidant and advisor on foreign affairs he remained for the best part of the Third Reich era. Moreover, as was also recognised by contemporaries, Ribbentrop's position with Hitler offered him unrivalled opportunities to influence the latter's thinking and policy decisions, either by communicating or withholding significant information (on Britain's willingness to fight in 1939, for example) or through sustained discussion of any given issue. One of the crucial arguments advanced in this research is that Ribbentrop's influence over Hitler's decision-making in 1938-9 in particular was substantially greater than has previously been thought; indeed, that, in view of his own political agenda, Ribbentrop purposefully sought to misinform the Nazi leader in 1939 in order to engineer a conflict between Great Britain and Germany.The fact that Hitler, in circumvention of the traditional diplomatic channels, initially used Ribbentrop for important unofficial missions abroad, including intimate negotiations with British and French leaders as early as 1933, and thereafter promoted him to increasingly responsible and influential positions, culminating in the post of Reich Foreign Minister, which he held for seven years, itself suggests that there is much more to the Ribbentrop phenomenon than meets the eye. It certainly suggests that a serious re-evaluation of this individual's contribution to the international relations in which he played such an integral part is long overdue. The book will trace Ribbentrop's gravitation towards National Socialism and furnish a detailed account of his numerous and diverse forays into the realm of international diplomacy. It will provide much-needed information on his non-official initiatives in international affairs, such as his sponsoring of ties between British, French and German war veterans and his promotion of reciprocal cultural organisations and exchanges; it will endeavour to explain the nature of the relationship between Ribbentrop and Hitler, and between Ribbentrop and the other Nazi leaders, in the context of the foreign policy decision-making process of the Third Reich; it will analyse in depth the development by Ribbentrop of an alternative political and by implication military strategy which was designed to cater for the failure of Hitler's original plans in the sphere of Anglo-German relations; it will place special emphasis on the role of German-Soviet-Japanese collaboration in Ribbentrop's political thinking; it will convincingly challenge the generally accepted view of its principal subject's contribution to National Socialist foreign policy making; it will lead to a substantial revision of opinion on the historical significance of Joachim von Ribbentrop as an international statesman. The research for the monograph has also shed considerable light on other aspects of National Socialist diplomacy and, crucially, on Hitler's appreciation of the international situation and the shifting balance of world power during the period 1928-33. This and other new findings/interpretations will feature in the text. The project is based on years of painstaking investigations in international archive centres, notably in the United Kingdom, Germany and the USA. It will be a major contribution to knowledge.

该研究项目的主要目标是完成一本专着，将希特勒前大使兼外交部长约阿希姆·冯·里宾特洛甫的观点、活动和影响牢固地置于 1930 年代和 1940 年代国际发展的背景下。里宾特洛甫是第二次世界大战史学中饱受诟病的人物。在学术和通俗文学中，他几乎无一例外地被描绘成一个缺乏思想和主动性的人，一个希特勒的奴隶仆人，一个无能的无足轻重的人，一个外交上的无足轻重的人。然而，即使在当时，人们也承认他与希特勒享有无与伦比的亲密关系，在第三帝国时代的大部分时间里，他一直是希特勒最亲密的知己和外交事务顾问。此外，正如同时代人也认识到的那样，里宾特洛甫与希特勒的立场为他提供了无与伦比的机会来影响后者的思想和政策决定，无论是通过传达或隐瞒重要信息（例如，关于英国是否愿意在 1939 年参战），还是通过对任何特定问题的持续讨论。这项研究提出的关键论点之一是，里宾特洛甫对希特勒决策的影响力，尤其是 1938-9 年的影响力，远比之前想象的要大得多。事实上，鉴于自己的政治议程，里宾特洛甫在 1939 年故意误导纳粹领导人，以制造英国和德国之间的冲突。事实上，希特勒绕过传统的外交渠道，最初利用里宾特洛甫在国外执行重要的非官方任务，包括早在 1933 年就与英国和法国领导人进行密切谈判，此后越来越多地提拔他他担任了七年的帝国外交部长，这本身就表明里宾特洛甫现象远比表面上看到的要复杂得多。这无疑表明，早就应该认真地重新评估这个人对国际关系的贡献，他在国际关系中发挥了如此重要的作用。这本书将追溯里宾特洛甫对国家社会主义的兴趣，并详细描述他对国际外交领域的无数次和不同的尝试。它将提供有关他在国际事务中的非官方举措的急需信息，例如他对英国、法国和德国退伍军人之间关系的赞助以及他对互惠文化组织和交流的促进；它将努力在第三帝国的外交政策决策过程的背景下解释里宾特洛甫与希特勒之间以及里宾特洛甫与其他纳粹领导人之间关系的性质；它将深入分析里宾特洛甫制定的另一种政治和军事战略，该战略旨在应对希特勒在英德关系领域的最初计划的失败；它将特别强调德苏日合作在里宾特洛甫政治思想中的作用；它将令人信服地挑战关于其主要主题对国家社会主义外交政策制定的贡献的普遍接受的观点；它将导致人们对约阿希姆·冯·里宾特洛甫作为国际政治家的历史意义的看法发生重大修正。该专着的研究还对国家社会主义外交的其他方面，尤其是希特勒对 1928-33 年期间国际形势和世界力量平衡变化的认识，提供了相当多的启示。这一发现和其他新发现/解释将在文本中体现。该项目基于对国际档案中心（特别是英国、德国和美国）多年的艰苦调查。这将是对知识的重大贡献。