Death in early modern Venice and Nuremberg

1696年，乔瓦尼·巴蒂斯塔·里纳尔迪在威尼斯被狗咬伤身亡。他在该市埋葬登记簿上的记录不仅告诉我们他的死因，而且还提供了有关他的身份、父亲、年龄、死前的医疗情况、居住教区以及参与他的埋葬的家庭成员和教会人员的信息。在这段描述旁边是一幅不幸的里纳尔迪被狗咬伤的图画。埋葬登记长期以来一直被人口历史学家用来揭示死亡模式和死亡危机对人口的影响，特别是在瘟疫的背景下。我的项目“死亡在早期现代威尼斯和纽伦堡”将分析为什么威尼斯当局编制如此详细的埋葬登记册，并考虑如何威尼斯记录适合更广泛的欧洲发展的早期现代精英越来越详细的监测人口的死亡率。它将以人口学研究为基础，通过分析描述死亡的语言的意义以及死亡原因视觉表现的意义，在更广泛的文化背景下解释其研究结果，并以文化历史为灵感，提请人们注意个人死亡的意义-如里纳尔迪的死亡-并评估这些死亡是如何共同经历的。调查的一个关键领域将是葬礼和埋葬仪式。通过对路德教和天主教背景下死亡的详细案例研究，从比较的角度评估这些主题，该项目将揭示宗教变革对死亡的影响。该项目将重塑我们对欧洲历史关键转型时期政治和宗教权威与个人经历之间交叉点的理解。

In 1696, Giovanni Battista Rinaldi died of a dog bite in Venice. His entry in the city's burial registers not only tells us his cause of death, but also provides information about his status, father, age, medical treatment prior to his death, parish of residence, and the family members and ecclesiastical personnel involved in his burial. Adjacent to this description is a drawing of the unfortunate Rinaldi being bitten by the dog.Burial registers have long been used by demographic historians to reveal patterns of mortality and the impact of mortality crises on populations, particularly in the context of plague. My project on 'Death in early modern Venice and Nuremberg' will analyse why the Venetian authorities compiled such detailed burial registers, and consider how the Venetian records fit into a broader European development of increasingly detailed monitoring of the mortality of populations by early modern elites. It will build on demographic studies to situate their findings in a broader cultural context by analysing the meaning of the language used to describe death, and the significance of visual representations of causes of mortality.Inspired by cultural history, it will draw attention to the meaning of individual deaths - like that of Rinaldi - and evaluate how these deaths were experienced communally. A key area of investigation will be the rituals of funerals and burials. By evaluating these themes in comparative perspective through detailed case studies of death in a Lutheran and a Catholic context, this project will shed new light on the impact of religious change on death at this time. The project will reshape our understanding of the intersection between political and religious authority and personal experience in a key period of transition in European history.