DISCOURSE, SEMANTICS, AND SYNTAX

描述：(调查人员摘要)通过 语言通常是毫不费力地被理解的。通常情况下， 信息--语义的、句法的、语用的、社交的--被处理的时间很少 有意识的意识。这项提案中描述的研究目标是 来研究其中几个方面是如何相互作用的。使用语言 建筑一直是最近研究的焦点，这项研究 研究动词的语义表示如何决定 句法短语的语篇相关意义，词汇事件 结构可以导致对内在信息的理解 歧义，以及句法短语如何区分信息 当前可以在话语中访问的信息和必须 是从长期记忆中提取的。在每一种情况下，都提出了新的假设 心理语言学实验是用来检验这些假设的。 提出的假设代表了一种新的观点，即 句法、词义(词汇语义)和语篇处理。 这一观点与当前其他观点的不同之处在于强调了 作为语义和语义载体的句法和词汇句法结构 话语信息，坚持互动性的强调 对语篇、语义和句法的研究。此视图是新的 心理学的一个目标是从具体的例子到一般的 框架。一旦取得重大进展，后果应该是 在理解损害语言的病理方面变得显而易见 教研室和发展补救治疗。此外，对 语篇、语义和句法之间的相互作用将是 设计和改进计算机辅助阅读和理解设备。

DESCRIPTION: (Investigator's abstract) Information conveyed through language is usually understood effortlessly. Typically, all facets of a message--semantic, syntactic, pragmatic, social--are processed with little conscious awareness. The goal of the research described in this proposal is to investigate how several of these facets interact. Using linguistic constructions that have been focal points of recent research, the research investigates how the semantic representations of verbs determine the discourse-relevant meanings of syntactic phrases, how lexical event structures can lead to comprehension of information that is inherently ambiguous, and how syntactic phrases can distinguish between information that is currently accessible in a discourse and information that must be retrieved from long-term memory. In each case, new hypotheses are offered and psycholinguistic experiments are designed to test the hypotheses. The proposed hypotheses represent a new view of the relationships among syntax, the meanings of words (lexical semantics), and discourse processing. What makes the view different from other current ideas is the emphasis on syntactic and lexical-syntactic structures as carriers of semantic and discourse information, an emphasis that insists on interactive investigations of discourse, semantics and syntax. This view is new to psychology and so one aim is to work from specific examples toward a general framework. Once significant progress is achieved, consequences should become apparent for understanding the pathologies that impair language faculties and developing remedial treatments. Furthermore, understanding of the interactions of discourse, semantics and syntax will be essential in designing and refining computer assisted reading and comprehension devices.