Decision Making on Continuous Scales in Aging and Alzheimers Disease

衰老和阿尔茨海默病的连续规模决策

• 批准号: 10089376
• 负责人: GAIL A MCKOON
• 金额: $ 49.53万
• 依托单位: OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10089376
• 关键词: Adopted; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease patient; Applications Grants; Area; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Child; Clinical; Color; Data; Decision Making; Decision Modeling; Decision Theory; Depressed mood; Development; Diffusion; Dimensions; Discrimination; Dyslexia; Elderly; Eye Movements; Fingers; Goals; Gold; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Memory; Memory Disorders; Mental Depression; Modality; Modeling; Motion; Neurosciences; Parkinson Disease; Participant; Patients; Perception; Performance; Population; Process; Property; Reaction Time; Recovery; Research; Research Personnel; Sampling; Schizophrenia; Short-Term Memory; Sleep; Speed; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Variant; anxious; base; clinical Diagnosis; clinical application; clinically relevant; cognitive process; cognitive task; comparative; discrete time; experimental study; financial literacy; health literacy; long term memory; mathematical ability; mild cognitive impairment; model development; normal aging; preservation; psychologic; psychological aspect of aging; response; simulation; skills; success; tool; touchscreen; young adult

Project Summary/Abstract The goal of the project is to develop a model that explains how decisions are made about information that is continuously distributed across space, with decisions made on continuous scales. The model will provide a unified explanation of the full range of decision-making data, including accuracy, the distributions of response times for correct and incorrect responses, how they change with manipulations of independent variables, and how they differ among individuals and groups of individuals. The totality of these data will place severe constraints on the development of the model and its success. The tasks used to test the model will ask participants to make simple decisions quickly; for example, point to the area on a circle that is the brightest. Brightness is a continuous scale and responses are made on a continuous scale (the circle). Large, comprehensive bodies of data will be collected for decision-making in perception, long-term memory, working memory, and numeracy. Statistical properties of the model will be examined and the numbers of observations needed will be determined for experiments with clinical patients, children, and other populations for whom the time for testing must be short. Four populations of adults will be studied: young adults, adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), adults with early Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and older adults who have no cognitive impairments. The aim will be to understand how normal aging affects individual components of processing in continuous decision-making and how MCI and early AD affect the components. Almost no research has been conducted with AD and MCI patients that models the time course of decision-making and no research has been done for decisions made on continuous response scales about continuously distributed information. It is not known if the components of decision-making are the same for MCI and AD patients as for unimpaired older adults and it is not known how independent variables (e.g., the difficulty of a task) affect performance for MCI and AD patients. It is also not known whether a modeling approach can uncover preserved skills not discernible from accuracy and RT data alone.

项目概要/摘要 该项目的目标是开发一个模型来解释如何根据信息做出决策 连续分布在空间中，并在连续尺度上做出决策。该模型将提供一个 对全方位决策数据的统一解释，包括准确性、响应分布 正确和错误反应的时间，它们如何随着自变量的操纵而变化，以及 它们在个人和个人群体之间有何不同。这些数据的总和将造成严重的 模型的开发及其成功的制约因素。用于测试模型的任务将询问 参与者快速做出简单的决定；例如，指向圆上最亮的区域。 亮度是一个连续的尺度，并且响应是在连续的尺度（圆圈）上进行的。大的， 将收集全面的数据用于感知、长期记忆、工作等方面的决策 记忆力和算术能力。将检查模型的统计特性和观测值的数量 将通过对临床患者、儿童和其他人群进行的实验来确定所需的 测试时间一定要短。 将研究四个成年人群体：年轻人、患有轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 的成年人、成年人 患有早期阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的人和没有认知障碍的老年人。目标是 了解正常衰老如何影响持续决策过程中的各个组成部分， MCI 和早期 AD 如何影响组件。几乎没有针对 AD 和 MCI 患者进行过研究 对决策的时间过程进行建模，但尚未对以下决策进行研究 连续响应尺度关于连续分布的信息。不知道其成分是否为 MCI 和 AD 患者的决策与未受损的老年人相同，但尚不清楚如何 自变量（例如任务的难度）会影响 MCI 和 AD 患者的表现。也不是 已知建模方法是否可以揭示无法从准确性和 RT 数据中辨别出来的保留技能 独自的。