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Subcultures as Integrative Forces in East-Central Europe, 1900-present

1900 年至今，作为中东欧整合力量的亚文化

基本信息

批准号：
AH/J00507X/1
负责人：
Jan Fellerer
金额：
$ 88.29万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FJ00507X%2F1
关键词：
Subcultures Integrative Forces East Central

项目摘要

This project focuses on identity construction in East-Central Europe (ECE) in the 20th century. The area has seen some of the most dramatic events in modern history fought out over the invention of 'ethnic nations', still a powerful form of collective identity building today. Scholarship often considers these identity building projects either from the 'top-down', on the level of the nation state or region, as agents of construction; or from the 'bottom-up', seeking to define the place of individuals and minorities who contested the process. In this project, we aim to revise the notion of 'ethnic minority', such as the 'Germans of Timisoara', 'Jewish Lodzer', the 'Ukrainians of L'viv', by examining how they distanced themselves from the majority whilst maintaining their 'privileged' status. We propose a specific definition of 'subcultures' to show how these groups in fact existed in the interstices of ECE identity-building projects, partly adopting and partly rejecting the majority agenda and/or the cultural practices of other minority groups.'Subcultures' are not understood as 'passive' colonial communities; non-normative and/or marginal groups in urban environments; or as subaltern youth cultures. In the specific context of ECE, the term 'subcultures' expresses a multi-layered, simultaneous form of identity, which developed 'underneath' the locally dominant project of identity construction but was not in a 'subaltern' position; neither necessarily opposing the majority, nor excluding it. In sum: our use of the term aims at a better understanding of these complex, shifting, and often-contradictory forms of ethnic identity.We will study subcultural identity construction through case studies of five cities in Poland, Romania and West Ukraine, combining different historical approaches. The longue durée perspective transcends the periodic limitations, which obscure the fact that ECE identity-building projects in the 20th century drew on an eclectic range of elements from different historical experiences: Imperial; Republican; Wartime; Communist; post-Communist. This not only offers a key to understanding the specifics of identity building in ECE, but also provides a more sophisticated approach, with contemporary relevance, that challenges the mapping of Western experiences elsewhere. Our perspective suggests that we do not have a conflict of cultures (majority vs. minority) but simultaneous constructions of cultures cutting across national borders and historical periods. This project brings together four participants across two institutions (University of Oxford and Oxford Brookes University). It combines the linguistic skills and disciplinary range of: Jan Fellerer, a historical linguist with German, Polish, Czech and Ukrainian; Marius Turda, a historian with German, Romanian and Hungarian, and Robert Pyrah, a cultural historian of post-Habsburg ECE with Polish, German and Ukrainian. It also includes the training of a Ph.D. student to provide career development within the field.This project will reach audiences inside and beyond academia through workshops in Oxford (Years 1-2), in Central Europe (Year 3), a closing international academic Conference (Year 4), plus outreach lectures at National Cultural Institutes in London and the region, podcasting of material and a website. An edited volume arising out of the Workshops and the Conference, a monograph, as well as refereed journal articles resulting from the investigators' research, are also planned; and a seminar series led by the investigators at the University of Oxford on Central Europe utilises an established academic forum.

这个项目的重点是20世纪中东欧（ECE）的身份建构。该地区见证了现代历史上一些最具戏剧性的事件，即“民族国家”的诞生，至今仍是一种强大的集体身份建设形式。学术界经常从“自上而下”的角度考虑这些身份建设项目，在民族国家或地区的层面上，作为建设的代理人；或者从“自下而上”的角度出发，试图界定个人和少数群体在这一过程中的地位。在这个项目中，我们的目标是修改“少数民族”的概念，例如“蒂米什瓦拉的德国人”、“犹太洛泽人”、“利沃夫的乌克兰人”，通过研究他们如何在保持“特权”地位的同时与多数人保持距离。我们提出了“亚文化”的具体定义，以显示这些群体实际上如何存在于欧洲经委会身份建设项目的间隙中，部分采用和部分拒绝其他少数群体的多数议程和/或文化习俗。“亚文化”不被理解为“被动的”殖民社区；城市环境中的非规范和/或边缘群体；或者作为次等青年文化。在欧洲经济委员会的具体背景下，“亚文化”一词表达了一种多层次的、同时存在的身份形式，它在当地主导的身份建设项目的“下面”发展，但并不处于“次等”地位；既不反对多数派，也不排斥多数派。总而言之：我们使用这个词的目的是为了更好地理解这些复杂的、不断变化的、经常相互矛盾的种族认同形式。我们将结合不同的历史研究方法，通过对波兰、罗马尼亚和西乌克兰五个城市的案例研究来研究亚文化认同的构建。长期的时间跨度超越了周期性的限制，它掩盖了这样一个事实，即欧洲经委会在20世纪的身份建设项目从不同的历史经验中汲取了一系列折衷的元素：帝国；共和党;战时;共产主义;后共产主义。这不仅为理解欧洲经委会身份建构的具体细节提供了一把钥匙，而且还提供了一种更复杂的方法，具有当代相关性，挑战了西方在其他地方的经验。我们的观点表明，我们没有文化冲突（多数与少数），而是跨越国界和历史时期的文化同时建设。该项目汇集了来自两个机构（牛津大学和牛津布鲁克斯大学）的四名参与者。它结合了语言技巧和学科范围：Jan Fellerer，一位精通德语、波兰语、捷克语和乌克兰语的历史语言学家；马里乌斯·图尔达，精通德语、罗马尼亚语和匈牙利语的历史学家，罗伯特·皮拉，精通波兰语、德语和乌克兰语的后哈布斯堡欧洲经委会文化历史学家。它还包括对博士生的培训，以提供该领域的职业发展。该项目将通过在牛津（1-2年级）、中欧（3年级）、闭幕国际学术会议（4年级）、伦敦和该地区国家文化研究所的外展讲座、材料播客和网站等方式，向学术界内外的观众展示。还计划出版讲习班和会议产生的一册经编辑的书籍、一篇专著以及由调查人员的研究产生的经审定的期刊文章；由牛津大学的研究人员领导的中欧系列研讨会利用了一个成熟的学术论坛。