Past or Place? Exploring the relationship between violence and commemoration in the 'new' Northern Ireland
过去还是地点?
基本信息
- 批准号:AH/K005383/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 2.65万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2013
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2013 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
On June 27th 2012, the Deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland and former IRA commander, Martin McGuinness shook hands with Queen Elizabeth II for the first time at an event in Hillsborough. For many the gesture symbolised the consolidation of Northern Ireland's transition to peace, the meeting of cultures and traditions, and hope for the future. Only a few weeks later however violence spilled onto the streets of north and west Belfast following a series of commemorative parades, marking a summer of hostilities. Outwardly these examples present two very different pictures of the 'new' Northern Ireland; the former of a society moving forward and putting the past behind it and the latter apparently divided over and wedded to the past. Furthermore they revealed two very different 'places', the public handshake in the arena of public space; the rioting and fighting occurring in spaces distanced from the public sphere. But why does this juxtaposition exist?The overarching aim of this exploratory proposal is to consider the complex relationship between the sporadic and choreographed outbreaks of violence that can sometimes accompany commemorative practices within specific geographies. Incorporating multidisciplinary perspectives on the meaning of 'place' it investigates why, after almost fifteen years of peacemaking and the introduction of a range of government-led initiatives that have sought to address issues of memory, identity and victimhood, the past can evolve into violence in some parts of Northern Ireland. The project focuses on the interconnected questions of 'where', 'why' and 'who'. In mapping this violence spatially over a fourteen year period (1998-2012), we aim to open up a discussion about the nature of those spaces in which it occurs. We can then begin to unpack the characteristics of place, unravelling its many layers and exploring its connections to the past. Because of the importance of place in Northern Ireland and the symbolism attached to demarcating difference, we ask if there is any leverage in the argument that commemoration and memory is simply a tool to bring people together in 'vulnerable' spaces? Is it the geography and not the memory being evoked that is fundamental to the violence? In questioning why violence occurs and who is involved in its production, we hope to explore the relationship between place, agenda and motivations. Is there a sense of custodianship over either the past or the place; is there an intergenerational impetus to protect and maintain the memory of the past or is the past relatively unimportant for a new generation and a smokescreen for deeper issues surrounding the place? Or is rioting and violence legitimated through the memory of the event being evoked? As Northern Ireland embarks upon a decade of pivotal and potentially divisive anniversaries leading up to the centenary of its birth in 2021, this cross-institutional and multidisciplinary proposal is timely. Commemorative-related violence cost an estimated £7.4 million in 2012 alone, with some £6.1 million spent on policing and security between April and September. This figure does not include the macroeconomic costs of lost tourism and inward investment. It is of course not just about economics. Rioting throughout the year resulted in scores of injuries, damage to property and impacted negatively on the psychological well-being of communities. It also presents a challenge for the future. In exploring the very complex relationship between violence, memory and place, the research seeks to identify ways in which it can support public bodies especially educational institutions and community and voluntary organisations in managing commemorative celebrations during the next decade and beyond.
2012年6月27日,北爱尔兰副首席部长、前爱尔兰共和军指挥官马丁·麦吉尼斯在希尔斯伯勒举行的一次活动中首次与伊丽莎白女王二世握手。对于许多人来说,这一姿态象征着北爱尔兰向和平过渡的巩固、文化和传统的交汇以及对未来的希望。然而仅仅几周后,在一系列纪念游行之后,暴力事件蔓延到贝尔法斯特北部和西部的街道上,标志着夏季的敌对行动。从表面上看,这些例子呈现了“新”北爱尔兰的两种截然不同的景象;前者是一个不断前进的社会,将过去抛在了身后,后者显然是分裂并与过去结合在一起的。此外,他们还揭示了两个截然不同的“场所”,即公共空间舞台上的公开握手;在远离公共领域的空间发生的骚乱和战斗。但为什么会存在这种并置?这一探索性提案的首要目标是考虑零星的和精心策划的暴力爆发之间的复杂关系,这些暴力有时会伴随特定地区的纪念活动。它结合了对“地点”含义的多学科视角,调查了为什么在近十五年的缔造和平和推出一系列政府主导的旨在解决记忆、身份和受害者问题的举措之后,过去在北爱尔兰的某些地区可能演变成暴力。该项目重点关注“哪里”、“为什么”和“谁”等相互关联的问题。在十四年期间(1998-2012)的空间映射这种暴力行为时,我们的目的是就暴力行为发生的空间的性质展开讨论。然后我们就可以开始解开这个地方的特征,揭开它的许多层面并探索它与过去的联系。由于北爱尔兰地区的重要性以及划定差异所具有的象征意义,我们要问,纪念和记忆只是将“脆弱”空间中的人们聚集在一起的工具这一论点是否有任何影响力?造成暴力的根本原因是地理位置,而不是所唤起的记忆吗?在质疑暴力发生的原因以及谁参与了暴力的产生时,我们希望探讨地点、议程和动机之间的关系。是否有一种对过去或这个地方的监护感?是否存在保护和维持过去记忆的代际动力,或者过去对于新一代来说相对不重要,并且是围绕该地方的更深层次问题的烟幕弹?或者,骚乱和暴力是通过唤起事件的记忆而合法化的吗?北爱尔兰即将迎来 2021 年其诞生一百周年的十年关键且可能引发分歧的周年纪念日,这一跨机构和多学科的提案是及时的。仅 2012 年一年,与纪念相关的暴力事件就造成了 740 万英镑的损失,其中 4 月至 9 月期间用于治安和安全的支出约为 610 万英镑。这一数字不包括旅游业和外来投资损失的宏观经济成本。这当然不仅仅与经济有关。全年发生的骚乱造成数十人受伤、财产损失,并对社区的心理健康产生了负面影响。这也对未来提出了挑战。在探索暴力、记忆和地点之间非常复杂的关系时,该研究试图找出支持公共机构,特别是教育机构以及社区和志愿组织在未来十年及以后管理纪念庆祝活动的方法。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(6)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Transitional optics: Exploring liminal spaces after conflict
过渡光学:探索冲突后的界限空间
- DOI:10.1177/0042098018788988
- 发表时间:2018
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.7
- 作者:Murphy J
- 通讯作者:Murphy J
Managing contested spaces: Public managers, obscured mechanisms and the legacy of the past in Northern Ireland
管理有争议的空间:公共管理者、模糊的机制和北爱尔兰过去的遗产
- DOI:10.1177/2399654417714800
- 发表时间:2017
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Murphy J
- 通讯作者:Murphy J
Editorial Introduction
编辑简介
- DOI:10.1080/07907184.2015.1126923
- 发表时间:2016
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0.7
- 作者:Braniff M
- 通讯作者:Braniff M
Historical dialogue and memory in policing change: The case of the police in Northern Ireland
警务变革中的历史对话和记忆:北爱尔兰警察案例
- DOI:10.1177/1750698016667454
- 发表时间:2016
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.1
- 作者:Murphy J
- 通讯作者:Murphy J
Making sense of segregation: Transitional thinking and contested space
理解隔离:过渡性思维和竞争空间
- DOI:10.1177/00420980231161007
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:4.7
- 作者:Murphy J
- 通讯作者:Murphy J
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Sara McDowell其他文献
Sara McDowell的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Sara McDowell', 18)}}的其他基金
Connecting commemorative communities: Transforming memory-work after conflict in Northern Ireland
连接纪念社区:北爱尔兰冲突后转变记忆工作
- 批准号:
AH/M006875/1 - 财政年份:2015
- 资助金额:
$ 2.65万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Commemoration as Conflict: continuing the 'war by other means'.
作为冲突的纪念:继续“以其他方式进行战争”。
- 批准号:
ES/G028761/1 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 2.65万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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