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Sensing the late Iron Age and Roman Past: geophysics and the landscape of Hertfordshire.

感受铁器时代晚期和罗马过去：地球物理学和赫特福德郡的景观。

基本信息

批准号：
AH/K007602/1
负责人：
Kris Lockyear
金额：
$ 8.5万
依托单位：
University College London
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FK007602%2F1
关键词：
Sensing late Iron Age Roman

项目摘要

In the late Iron Age and Roman period Hertfordshire was a densely settled county. A number of Iron Age "proto-towns" - oppida -are known or suspected including Wheathampstead, Verulamium/St Albans, Welches Farm and Braughing. Some of these sites developed into the towns of the Roman period including the major site at Verulamium, the third largest town in the province. As well as the towns, a network of rural sites ranging from Roman villas to modest farmsteads existed, probably as many as one per square kilometre. In places, the pre-Roman field systems have survived to the modern day.Although much research has been conducted on both the towns and the rural sites, for example the excavations at Verulamium, Gorhambury, Baldock, Dicket Mead and Chells, there is still much we do not know about the layout of these sites and their relationship to each other. Excavation, perhaps the best known archaeological research technique, is expensive and slow and can only look at relatively small areas. Aerial photography, especially the 100% survey commissioned by Hertfordshire CC in 2010, has added many new sites and information to our understanding, but is less good for producing more detailed plans of sites, especially the smaller rural sites.This project, therefore, aims to examine a variety of Iron Age and Roman sites across the county using geophysical survey techniques, principally magnetometry. By using a magnetometer we can create plans of what lies beneath the soil without having to resort to excavation. Although lacking in the chronological precision of excavation, it can provide a valuable intermediate level of data between the aerial image and an excavated site. We will be surveying the Roman town at Verulamium as well as other sites across the county. The survey results will be combined and examined using GIS.The project is formed of a coalition of interested groups including the Institute of Archaeology, UCL, the Welwyn Archaeological Society, the St Albans and Hertfordshire Architectural and Archaeological Society, the North Hertfordshire Archaeological Society, the Welwyn Hatfield and St Albans branches of the Young Archaeologists Club, Welwyn Hatfield Museum Service, St Albans Museums, St Albans City Council and the Hertfordshire Historic Environment Record. Training is being provided in the use of an advanced cart-based magnetometer for undertaking these surveys across the county. In addition, a week long summer school will be run for any community heritage group member.The results of this project will allow us to examine issues such as the layout and development of Verulamium, the nature of the numerous enclosures in the county, and the pattern of rural settlement. The results will also be fed back into the Herts Historic Environment Record to help them protect our county's heritage. The progress of the project can be followed via the project's website and blog, and the results will be published and presented in a variety of places including a one day conference at the end of the project.

在铁器时代晚期和罗马时期，赫特福德郡是一个人口稠密的郡。许多铁器时代的“原型城镇”——奥皮达——已知或被怀疑是Wheathampstead、Verulamium/St Albans、Welches Farm和Braughing。其中一些遗址发展成为罗马时期的城镇，包括该省第三大城镇维鲁拉米姆的主要遗址。除了城镇之外，还有从罗马别墅到普通农庄的乡村遗址网络，可能每平方公里就有一个。在一些地方，前罗马时代的农田系统一直延续到今天。尽管对城镇和乡村遗址进行了大量的研究，例如在Verulamium， Gorhambury, Baldock， Dicket Mead和Chells的挖掘，但我们仍然不知道这些遗址的布局以及它们彼此之间的关系。挖掘，也许是最著名的考古研究技术，是昂贵和缓慢的，只能看到相对较小的区域。航空摄影，尤其是2010年赫特福德郡CC委托进行的100%调查，为我们的理解增加了许多新的地点和信息，但对于制作更详细的地点规划，特别是较小的农村地点来说，就不那么好了。因此，该项目旨在使用地球物理测量技术（主要是磁力测量）检查整个国家的各种铁器时代和罗马遗址。通过使用磁力计，我们可以绘制出土壤下面的平面图，而不必诉诸挖掘。虽然缺乏挖掘的时间精度，但它可以在航空图像和挖掘遗址之间提供有价值的中间数据。我们将调查维鲁拉米姆的罗马城镇以及整个国家的其他地点。调查结果将使用GIS进行合并和检查。该项目是由一些感兴趣的团体组成的联盟，包括考古研究所、伦敦大学学院、韦尔文考古学会、圣奥尔本斯和赫特福德郡建筑考古学会、北赫特福德郡考古学会、青年考古学家俱乐部的韦尔文哈特菲尔德和圣奥尔本斯分会、韦尔文哈特菲尔德博物馆服务、圣奥尔本斯博物馆、圣奥尔本斯市议会和赫特福德郡历史环境记录。目前正在培训如何使用先进的车载磁力计在全国范围内进行这些调查。此外，将为任何社区遗产小组成员开办为期一周的暑期学校。该项目的结果将使我们能够研究诸如Verulamium的布局和发展，该县众多围栏的性质以及农村定居模式等问题。结果也将反馈到赫兹历史环境记录，以帮助他们保护我们国家的遗产。项目的进展可以通过项目的网站和博客跟踪，结果将在各种地方公布和展示，包括项目结束时为期一天的会议。