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Imagining Markets: Empire, Europe, China in Britain's economic future since the 1870s

畅想市场：1870 年代以来英国经济未来中的帝国、欧洲、中国

基本信息

批准号：
AH/L003988/1
负责人：
David Thackeray
金额：
$ 3.61万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2014 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FL003988%2F1
关键词：
Imagining Markets Empire Europe China

项目摘要

The global economy is currently undergoing long-lasting, structural change, with shifting trading patterns, the rapid rise of new regions of economic growth, and tightening relations between countries. Yet this is not the first time that globalisation has redefined power flows in the international economy. The proposed network aims to provide a vital and yet noticeably lacking bridge between historical and contemporary ways of thinking about Britain's future global economic orientation, breaking new ground by examining how a range of opinion in Britain has been and continues to be orchestrated behind different and shifting conceptions of the nation's economic future, and illuminating the different ways in which overseas markets have, at various times in the past, been imagined, evaluated and conceptualised, as well as the implications and consequences of this for the way we view the possibilities and potential of these very same markets today. This project seeks to provide policy makers in governmental and intergovernmental organisations with the first interconnected analysis of the long-term development of Britain's key modern trade relationships.In order to do this the network will fuse together cultural, economic and political perspectives, in order to provide a deeper and historically grounded understanding of how governments and other economic actors in Britain have imagined three crucial markets - the Empire/Commonwealth, Europe, and China. In the first half of the twentieth century, many in Britain looked to its empire to promote a recognisably modern form of economic integration, while, after 1945, similar hopes and aspirations were invested in Europe and the Far East, albeit not always by the same people. The economist Joseph Schumpeter put the concept of imagination at the heart of this entrepreneurial process. It was this quality which, above all, businesspeople required if they were to succeed: 'the capacity of seeing things in a way which proves afterwards to be true, even though it cannot be established [as such] at the time.' In the same way as communities are imagined, so too are economies- making calculations about and placing faith in the future and its possibilities are key qualities of investors and entrepreneurs. Although somewhat neglected in the mainstream economics literature, Schumpeter's insight has found a strong echo in the modern discipline of marketing. Thus the network also seeks to combine a range of historical perspectives with the expertise of scholars working in the social sciences. This, in turn, will yield new insights not only into the history of Britain's political economy but also into the social psychology of entrepreneurship in the age of globalization.In the wake of today's global financial crisis, the question of how nations can establish, protect or even recover a competitive economic advantage looms large in the media, manufacturing, business and policy-making circles. As an exercise in 'deep history', the proposed network will generate fresh insights into the ways in which perceptions of international markets were reconfigured as a result of intra-European trade agreements, scrambles for territory in Africa and China, and growing demand in Britain for protectionist tariffs arising from intensifying industrial competition from Germany and the United States. It will further explore the extent to and ways in which Britain's economic relationships with the Commonwealth, Europe and China remain vital to its identity in today's globalised world.

全球经济目前正在经历长期的结构性变化，贸易模式不断变化，新的经济增长区域迅速崛起，国家之间的关系日益紧张。然而，这并不是全球化第一次重新定义国际经济中的权力流动。拟议中的网络旨在提供一个重要的，但明显缺乏桥梁之间的历史和当代的方式思考英国的未来全球经济的方向，通过研究如何在英国的一系列意见已经并将继续被精心策划背后不同的和不断变化的概念国家的经济未来，并阐明不同的方式，海外市场，在过去的不同时期，被想象，评估和概念化，以及这对我们今天看待这些市场的可能性和潜力的方式的影响和后果。该项目旨在为政府和政府间组织的决策者提供英国主要现代贸易关系长期发展的第一个相互关联的分析。为了做到这一点，该网络将融合文化，经济和政治观点，为了提供一个更深入的和有历史依据的理解，政府和其他经济行为者在英国如何想象三个关键市场-帝国/英联邦、欧洲和中国。在世纪上半叶，许多英国人指望大英帝国推动一种公认的现代形式的经济一体化，而1945年后，类似的希望和愿望也被投入到欧洲和远东，尽管并不总是由同一批人。经济学家约瑟夫·熊彼特（Joseph Schumpeter）将想象力的概念置于创业过程的核心。商人要想成功，首先需要的就是这种品质：“能够以一种事后被证明是真实的方式看待事物，尽管当时还不能确定。“就像想象社区一样，经济也是如此--对未来及其可能性进行计算并抱有信心是投资者和企业家的关键素质。虽然在主流经济学文献中被忽视，熊彼特的见解在现代市场营销学科中得到了强烈的回应。因此，该网络还力求将各种历史观点与从事社会科学工作的学者的专门知识联合收割机结合起来。这不仅将为英国的政治经济史，也将为全球化时代的企业家精神的社会心理学提供新的视角。在当今的全球金融危机之后，一个国家如何建立、保护甚至恢复竞争性经济优势的问题在媒体、制造业、商业和政策制定界都显得尤为突出。作为一种“深层历史”的练习，拟议中的网络将产生新的见解，即由于欧洲内部贸易协定、非洲和中国的领土争夺以及英国因德国和美国的工业竞争加剧而对保护主义关税的需求不断增长，国际市场的看法是如何重新配置的。它将进一步探讨英国与英联邦、欧洲和中国的经济关系在当今全球化世界中对其身份至关重要的程度和方式。