Mining the History of Medicine

该项目是国家文本挖掘中心(NACTeM)和曼彻斯特大学科学、技术和医学史中心(CHSTM)之间的跨学科合作，旨在展示文本挖掘在医学史中的潜力。为此，首先将从两个非常大的、长期运行的数字来源--《英国医学杂志》(BMJ)(1840年至今)和《伦敦地区卫生部长报告》(MOH)(1848-1972)--创建资产，方法是应用文本挖掘技术，用语义注释丰富这些数据。这项工作的一个重要方面是建立工具，通过从档案中建立临时术语清单来识别和记录术语变化和语义随时间的变化。然后，将开发一个语义搜索系统，以帮助历史学家拓宽和深化他们的工作，以提出涵盖很长时间的“大”问题，而不会失去对术语和含义变化的敏感性。由此产生的资产和工具将在两个案例研究中使用和评估，这两个案例研究探索现代流行病学过渡和医疗监测文化的创建，这是英国卫生经验中两个极其重要且相互关联的变化，其中许多问题仍未得到回答。案例研究的方法和结果将作为如何使用这种资产和工具的具体例子。文本挖掘工具和衍生资源将通过一个可互操作的文本挖掘环境提供给社区，该环境将被贡献给主要数字人文基础设施(Clarin、Dariah、Meta-Share)的储存库。该项目将由一个专家用户咨询小组指导。计划举办两个讲习班，以获得更广泛社区的进一步指导和信息。该项目计划将其影响扩大到以下部门：公共卫生、公共政策、出版、媒体和图书馆，以确保可持续性和更广泛地采用方法和技术。

This project, a cross-disciplinary collaboration between the National Centre for Text Mining (NaCTeM) and the Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine (CHSTM) at the University of Manchester, seeks to demonstrate the potential of text mining in medical history. To do this, firstly an asset will be created out of two very large, long-running digital sources, the British Medical Journal (BMJ) (1840 - present) and the London-area Medical Officer of Health (MOH) reports (1848-1972), by applying text mining techniques to enrich these data with semantic annotations. An important aspect of this work is to build tools to identify and record terminological variation and semantic shift over time, via construction of a temporal terminological inventory from the archives. Then, a semantic search system will be developed to help historians in broadening and deepening their work to ask 'big' questions that cover long periods, without losing sensitivity to changes in terminology and meaning. The resulting asset and tools will be used and evaluated in two case studies, exploring the modern epidemiological transition and the creation of a medical surveillance culture, two massively important and interrelated changes in British health experience, where many questions remain unanswered. The methods and results of the case studies will serve as concrete examples of how such an asset and tools can be used.The text mining tools and derived resources will be made available to the community via an interoperable text mining environment that will be contributed to the repositories of major digital humanities infrastructures (CLARIN, DARIAH, META-SHARE).The project will be guided by an Expert User Advisory Group. Two workshops are planned to receive further guidance from and to inform the wider community.The project plans to extend its impact to the following sectors: public health, public policy, publishing, media and libraries, with a view to ensuring sustainability and wider uptake of methods and technologies.