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'One world': logical and ethical implications of holism

“同一个世界”：整体论的逻辑和伦理含义

基本信息

批准号：
AH/N003853/1
负责人：
Roderick Main
金额：
$ 28.01万
依托单位：
University of Essex
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FN003853%2F1
关键词：
world logical ethical implications holism

项目摘要

The aim of this project is to determine the logical and ethical implications of holism. Across many areas of contemporary culture we hear the concept of holism being invoked, as in holistic science, holistic spirituality, holistic healthcare, and holistic education. While there are different varieties of holism, each case implies a perspective in which the whole of a system is considered to be more important than the sum of its parts.This project will provide an in-depth explanation and comparison of concepts of wholeness in the work of two influential twentieth-century thinkers in this area: the Swiss depth psychologist Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) and the French post-structuralist philosopher Gilles Deleuze (1923-1993). The research will have a particular focus on the field of psychotherapy, in the context of ongoing professional, academic, and policy debates about the effectiveness, and consequent funding, of psychotherapy in which non-holistic, more reductive therapeutic models seems to be favoured because of their greater amenability to quantitative evaluation through random controlled trials, specifically in relation to the NHS programme 'Improving Access to Psychological Therapies'.Advocates of holism associate it with desirable qualities such as inclusion, integration, balance, and wider vision and champion it as a remedy for the fragmentation that is considered to beset the modern world. Critics argue that holism is vague, erases differences, and, by subordinating individual elements to a superior whole, ultimately leads to totalitarianism. This project will examine why holism attracts these strong positive and negative valuations and which point of view, if either, is the better warranted.Further, holism is usually discussed in relation to a particular system which itself can be considered to be part of a wider whole and ultimately of the widest whole: the total 'system' which is referred to by some holists as the 'one world'. The project will examine the nature of such underpinning concepts of ultimate wholeness, how these concepts relate to the multiplicities of experience, and the links between a particular concept of ultimate wholeness and the positive or negative ethical valuations attaching to holistic thought.

这个项目的目的是确定整体论的逻辑和伦理含义。在当代文化的许多领域，我们听到整体论的概念被引用，如整体科学，整体灵性，整体医疗保健和整体教育。虽然有不同的品种的整体论，每一个案例都意味着一个观点，其中一个系统的整体被认为是比其部分的总和更重要。这个项目将提供一个深入的解释和比较的概念，整体的工作，在这一领域的两个有影响力的二十世纪的思想家：瑞士深度心理学家卡尔·古斯塔夫·荣格（Carl Gustav Jung，1875-1961）和法国后结构主义哲学家吉尔·德勒兹（Gilles Deleuze，1923-1993）。该研究将特别关注心理治疗领域，在持续的专业，学术和政策辩论的背景下，关于心理治疗的有效性和随之而来的资金，其中非整体，更还原的治疗模式似乎更受青睐，因为它们更容易通过随机对照试验进行定量评估，特别是与NHS计划“改善心理治疗的可及性”有关。整体论的倡导者将其与理想的品质联系起来，如包容，整合，平衡，和更广阔的视野，并拥护它作为被认为困扰现代世界的分裂的补救措施。批评者认为，整体主义是模糊的，抹去差异，并通过从属于一个上级整体的个别元素，最终导致极权主义。这个项目将研究为什么整体论吸引了这些强烈的正面和负面的评价，以及哪种观点，如果有的话，是更好的保证。此外，整体论通常是讨论一个特定的系统，它本身可以被认为是一个更广泛的整体，最终是最广泛的整体的一部分：总的'系统'，这是由一些整体论者称为'一个世界'。该项目将研究这种最终整体性的基础概念的性质，这些概念如何与经验的多样性相关，以及最终整体性的特定概念与整体性思想所附带的积极或消极伦理价值之间的联系。