Cultures of Anti-Racism in Latin America

拉丁美洲的反种族主义文化

• 批准号: AH/S004823/1
• 负责人: Peter Wade
• 金额: $ 105.57万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2020 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FS004823%2F1
• 关键词: Cultures; Anti; Racism; Latin; America

In a global context of persistent racism and racial inequality, alongside the growing "post-racial" denial of their importance, this project will explore the role of the arts in challenging racism. The project aims to investigate the sociality, practices and discourses of contemporary cultural producers working in literature and visual and performing arts who focus on issues of racial difference, racism and anti-racism in three Latin American contexts: Brazil, Colombia and Argentina.Why the arts? We work on the basis that the arts have always played a crucial role in anti-racist movements, serving as important tools with which to protest against and educate about racism. The arts have the ability to mobilise emotions through narrative and performance, and this makes them well suited to deal with racism's dependence on an emotive logic. By combining expertise from the arts and the social sciences in a cultural studies approach, we seek to locate artistic practices that address racial inequality and racism in their social and cultural context; we aim to map how the producers, their practices and their products circulate in the social world and produce effects there that contribute to the struggle against racism. While rationally devised social policy addressing socio-economic conditions is vital to correcting racial inequalities, it can simply by-pass, be undermined by and even exacerbate the visceral emotions that racial difference produces in a racially hierarchical society. It is these emotions we seek to approach and address through the medium of art and performance.Why Latin America? Because the region has a long history in which "post-raciality" - by which we mean the tendency to deny or minimise the significance of racism and racial inequality, invoking a colour-blind universalism - has co-existed with marked racial inequality and with often veiled but still powerful racist attitudes. This paradoxical co-existence is becoming characteristic of other areas of the world, in the wake of post-World War II trends that made "race" politically toxic and made the denial of racism commonplace, while racial inequalities remain and even grow. We contend that the way struggles against racism in Latin America address this long-standing co-existence can hold lessons for anti-racism more widely. For example, the post-racial claim that increased inter-racial mixture indicates decreasing racism is belied by the fact that Latin American countries have often been majority mestizo (mixed-race) societies for over two centuries, without this having solved the problem of racial inequality and racism.A notable feature of the project is that it encompasses anti-black and anti-indigenous racism in a region where practices and attitudes prejudicial to indigenous people are often not labelled as racism, but also at a time at which this label is becoming increasingly popular in struggles against such prejudice, highlighting the structural dimensions of indigenous disadvantage. A further strength of the project is its comparative approach, which seeks to use the rather different racial formations of Argentina, Brazil and Colombia to assess how generic or country-specific anti-racism strategies are. Research teams in each country will bring together senior and junior, UK-based and Latin American researchers in the social sciences and arts to work with a range of artists and performers to explore diverse practices, including for example indigenous literatures, visual arts and cinema in Brazil, hip-hop music in Brazil and Colombia, Afro-Colombian art and an indigenous-black organisation that uses performance as a pedagogical tool, and street dance and commercial music forms alongside literature and political art in Argentina. Project researchers will work closely with artists and performers and will collaborate with them in project workshops, which will also have a public-facing component.

在种族主义和种族不平等持续存在的全球背景下，随着越来越多的“后种族”否认其重要性，该项目将探讨艺术在挑战种族主义方面的作用。该项目旨在调查从事文学、视觉和表演艺术工作的当代文化生产者的社会性、做法和话语，他们关注巴西、哥伦比亚和阿根廷这三个拉丁美洲国家的种族差异、种族主义和反种族主义问题。我们工作的基础是，艺术在反种族主义运动中一直发挥着至关重要的作用，是抗议和教育种族主义的重要工具。艺术有能力通过叙事和表演来调动情感，这使得它们非常适合处理种族主义对情感逻辑的依赖。通过将艺术和社会科学的专业知识结合在文化研究方法中，我们寻求找到在其社会和文化背景下解决种族不平等和种族主义的艺术实践;我们的目标是绘制生产者，他们的做法和他们的产品如何在社会世界中流通，并在那里产生有助于反对种族主义的影响。虽然针对社会经济条件合理制定的社会政策对纠正种族不平等至关重要，但它可能会绕过种族差异在种族等级社会中产生的本能情绪，受到这种情绪的破坏，甚至加剧这种情绪。我们试图通过艺术和表演的媒介来接近和表达这些情感。为什么是拉丁美洲？因为该地区有着悠久的历史，在这一历史中，"后种族主义"-我们指的是否认或尽量减少种族主义和种族不平等的重要性的倾向，援引一种不分肤色的普遍主义-与明显的种族不平等以及往往隐晦但仍然强大的种族主义态度共存。第二次世界大战后的趋势使"种族"在政治上具有毒性，使否认种族主义成为司空见惯的现象，而种族不平等现象仍然存在，甚至有所加剧，这种矛盾的共存正在成为世界其他地区的特点。我们认为，拉丁美洲反对种族主义的斗争解决这一长期共存问题的方式可以为更广泛的反种族主义提供经验教训。例如，后种族时代的主张认为，种族间混合的增加表明种族主义的减少，但这与拉丁美洲国家往往是混血人占多数的事实不符。（混合种族）社会超过两个世纪，如果没有解决种族不平等和种族主义的问题，该项目的一个显着特点是，它包括反黑人和反种族主义，在一个对土著人民有偏见的做法和态度往往不被贴上种族主义标签的区域，而且在反对这种偏见的斗争中，这一标签越来越流行的时候，土著人的种族主义突出了土著人处于不利地位的结构性方面。该项目的另一个优势是其比较方法，它试图利用阿根廷、巴西和哥伦比亚相当不同的种族构成来评估反种族主义战略的一般性或国别性。每个国家的研究团队将汇集社会科学和艺术领域的高级和初级、英国和拉丁美洲研究人员，与一系列艺术家和表演者合作，探索不同的实践，包括例如巴西的土著文学、视觉艺术和电影，巴西和哥伦比亚的嘻哈音乐，非洲裔哥伦比亚艺术和一个将表演作为教学工具的土著黑人组织，以及街舞和商业音乐形式，以及阿根廷的文学和政治艺术。项目研究人员将与艺术家和表演者密切合作，并在项目研讨会上与他们合作，研讨会也将有面向公众的组成部分。

项目成果

Ecologias antirracistas na Bahia: retratos da luta Pataxó contra o ecocídio e o genocídio

巴伊亚反种族主义者生态学：retratos da luta Pataxó contra o ecocídio e o genocídio

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Revista Tellus
• 作者: Pataxó, Arissana

Living (Il)legalities in Brazil - Practices, Narratives and Institutions in a Country on the Edge

巴西的合法性——边缘国家的实践、叙述和制度

• DOI: 10.4324/9780429345630-14
• 发表时间: 2020
• 作者: Sá L

Race and the shantytown in a race-less country: negros villeros , whiteness and urban space in Argentina

无种族国家中的种族和棚户区：阿根廷的黑人、白人和城市空间

• DOI: 10.1080/17442222.2023.2216205
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Latin American and Caribbean Ethnic Studies
• 影响因子: 0.6
• 作者: Aguiló I

Tupinambá é um pássaro da terra

图皮南巴·埃姆·帕萨罗·达·特拉

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Revista MIOLO
• 作者: Tupinambá G

Movilidades obligadas: Movilidad a las ciudades y genocidio indígena.

Movilidades obligadas：Movilidad a las ciudades y genocidio indígena。

• 发表时间: 2023
• 作者: Kropff L