RADIATION BIOLOGY OF SIMULATED RADON-DAUGHTER ALPHAS

模拟氡子体 α 的辐射生物学

• 批准号: 3094336
• 负责人: ERIC J HALL
• 金额: $ 86.51万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-05-15 至 1995-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3094336
• 关键词: alpha radiation; radiation carcinogenesis; radiation genetics; radon

This Program Project presents, brings together, and links five projects designed to investigate the biological effects of alpha particles with LETs simulating those emitted by the daughter products of radon. The individual projects each address this central theme from different points of view. The earliest observable biological effect of radiation in individual cells is the production of chromosome aberrations, and their production by alpha particles will be studied in detail. The special feature of this project is the attempt to quantitate the effect of precisely known numbers of alpha particles traversing single cells. This is particularly important, as it is likely that most cells at risk will be traversed by no more than one alpha particle. Since the hazard of radon in the human involves the stochastic late effects of carcinogenesis, the experimental studies focus directly on oncogenic transformation and on mutations or DNA modulations, which may be early steps involved in the carcinogenic process. A variety of cellular and molecular studies are proposed in this area. Assays for oncogenic transformation represent a powerful tool and will be used for pragmatic studies involving the possible supra-additive interaction of alpha particles with asbestos, tobacco-smoke condensate, and a variety of chemicals, as well as the study of modulating influences, such as hormones and retinoids. Mechanistic studies will be designed to identify and characterize the molecular changes that lead to the induction of malignancy. The alpha particles emitted by the radon daughters cover a range of energies, and by the time they reach the critical cells in the lung, they have LET values from about 90 to 250 keV/(mu)m. Alpha particles with this range of LET values will be generated at the Radiological Research Accelerator Facility.

该计划项目展示、汇集并链接了五个项目 旨在研究 α 粒子与 LET 的生物效应 模拟氡气子体产物所排放的气体。个人 每个项目都从不同的角度解决了这个中心主题。 辐射对单个细胞最早可观察到的生物效应 是染色体畸变的产生，以及它们的产生是由α 粒子将被详细研究。该项目的特别之处在于 尝试量化精确已知的阿尔法数量的影响 粒子穿过单个细胞。这一点尤其重要，因为它 大多数处于危险中的细胞可能会被不超过一个阿尔法穿过 粒子。 由于氡对人体的危害涉及随机后期效应 的致癌作用，实验研究直接集中于致癌性 转化以及突变或 DNA 调制，这可能是早期的 致癌过程中涉及的步骤。各种蜂窝和 在这一领域提出了分子研究。 致癌转化分析是一种强大的工具，将成为 用于涉及可能的超加性的实用研究 α粒子与石棉、烟草烟雾冷凝物和 各种化学物质，以及调节影响的研究，例如 如激素和类维生素A。机制研究将旨在确定 并表征导致诱导的分子变化 恶性肿瘤。 氡子体发射的阿尔法粒子覆盖了一系列 能量，当它们到达肺部的关键细胞时，它们 LET 值约为 90 至 250 keV/(mu)m。阿尔法粒子与此 LET 值范围将在放射学研究中生成 加速器设施。