A Chronology of the Medieval Irish Lexicon

中世纪爱尔兰词典年表

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    AH/X003639/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 103.37万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2023 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Gaelic has been spoken and written in Ireland and Scotland continuously for the last 1500 years. While Latin dominated the written record in the rest of Europe, the Irish and Scots adapted their language to writing at an early date and cultivated what is now one of the oldest and richest vernacular literatures in the world. Vast tracts on native law were compiled as early as the 7th century and subsequent centuries saw the cultivation of religious writing, poetry and a body of narrative tales which is globally unique. The vocabulary in any language changes over time, most notably with the introduction of new words, often borrowed from other languages, and the loss of words which, for one reason or another, are no longer deemed useful. The Gaelic vocabulary fell under the influence of other languages throughout the medieval period, most notably of Latin, Norse, French and English. However, a large proportion of changes are internal to the language and most commonly affect the meaning of existing words. Yes an accurate understanding of changes in meaning is essential if we are to properly interpret the language at any time in the past and to avoid anachronistic readings of texts. This project will address the issue of changes in the vocabulary and the meaning of words by tackling a problem at the heart of the most authoritative historical dictionary of early Irish, A Dictionary of the Irish Language based mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials. The Dictionary was published in separate volumes between 1913 and 1976 and now exists in an updated digital format (www.dil.ie). It is based on the Gaelic language as recorded between the seventh and seventeenth centuries, and each entry contains multiple citations from original texts illustrating the meaning of the word. However, the original compilers of the Dictionary made no effort to provide dates for the citations and so the age of words and their meaning is often unclear. In this project, we will provide dates for all the texts that were used in the compilation of the dictionary. Subsequently, when users access a particular entry, they will also be shown a visualisation of the chronological range of each word and see how the sense has developed over time. This will enable scholars to identify the senses of words most appropriate to any text on which they are working or to trace the changes in meaning over time. It will also be a major contribution to future studies of the history of the Gaelic language. For the first time, researchers will be able to chart the development of the vocabulary including the coining of new words, the obsolescence of certain words, and changes of meaning of words over centuries. Its usefulness will extend beyond the study of language, however. Archaeologists and historians will be able to track changes of sense through time and map these onto changes in the archaeological and historical records. For example, the Dictionary contains numerous words relating to clothing and a future archaeologist would be able to map changes in the sense of words onto what can be gathered from archaeological and historical collections. To write the history of a language we need, first of all, to understand the changes in its vocabulary and particularly what people meant at different times by the words that they used. This project will provide a unique and powerful tool for scholars to investigate these questions and work towards a history of the language which is comprehensive and has historical depth.
盖尔语已经在爱尔兰和苏格兰持续使用了1500年。当拉丁语在欧洲其他地区的文字记录中占主导地位时,爱尔兰人和苏格兰人很早就把他们的语言变成了文字,并创造了现在世界上最古老、最丰富的本土文学之一。早在7世纪就编纂了大量关于本土法律的小册子,随后的几个世纪见证了宗教著作、诗歌和叙事故事的培养,这些都是全球独一无二的。任何语言的词汇都随着时间的推移而变化,最明显的是从其他语言中借来的新词的引入,以及由于这样或那样的原因不再被认为有用的单词的消失。盖尔语词汇在整个中世纪时期受到其他语言的影响,最明显的是拉丁语、挪威语、法语和英语。然而,很大一部分变化是语言内部的,最常见的是影响现有单词的意思。是的,如果我们要正确地解释过去任何时候的语言,避免对文本的时代错误的阅读,准确理解意义的变化是必不可少的。该项目将通过解决早期爱尔兰语最权威的历史词典——《爱尔兰语词典》的核心问题,解决词汇和单词含义变化的问题。《爱尔兰语词典》主要基于古爱尔兰语和中古爱尔兰语材料。《字典》在1913年至1976年间分卷出版,现在以更新的数字格式存在(www.dil.ie)。它以7世纪到17世纪之间记录的盖尔语为基础,每个条目都包含了对原始文本的多次引用,以说明该词的含义。然而,最初的词典编纂者并没有努力提供引用的日期,所以单词的年代和意思往往是不清楚的。在这个项目中,我们将提供所有用于编纂词典的文本的日期。随后,当用户访问一个特定的条目时,他们也会看到每个单词的时间顺序的可视化,并看到词义是如何随着时间的推移而发展的。这将使学者们能够确定最适合他们所研究的任何文本的单词的含义,或者追踪词义随时间的变化。它也将是对盖尔语历史的未来研究的重大贡献。研究人员将第一次能够绘制出词汇的发展图表,包括几个世纪以来新词的产生、某些词的淘汰以及词义的变化。然而,它的用途将超出语言研究。考古学家和历史学家将能够追踪感官随时间的变化,并将其映射到考古和历史记录的变化上。例如,词典中有许多与服装有关的单词,未来的考古学家将能够根据从考古和历史收藏品中收集到的信息,将单词意义的变化映射出来。要写一门语言的历史,我们首先需要了解它的词汇变化,尤其是不同时期人们使用的词汇所表达的意思。这个项目将为学者们提供一个独特而有力的工具来研究这些问题,并朝着一个全面而具有历史深度的语言历史的方向努力。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(2)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Technology in Irish Literature and Culture
爱尔兰文学和文化中的技术
  • DOI:
    10.1017/9781009182881.015
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Arbuthnot S
  • 通讯作者:
    Arbuthnot S
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Gregory Toner其他文献

Gregory Toner的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Gregory Toner', 18)}}的其他基金

Developing a Digital Framework for the Medieval Gaelic World
为中世纪盖尔世界开发数字框架
  • 批准号:
    AH/V00235X/1
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 103.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
Text and Meaning: Contributions to a Revised Dictionary of Medieval Irish
文本和含义:对中世纪爱尔兰语修订词典的贡献
  • 批准号:
    AH/L007428/1
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 103.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
A Supplement to the Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
爱尔兰语电子词典增补
  • 批准号:
    AH/E002293/2
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 103.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
A Supplement to the Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
爱尔兰语电子词典增补
  • 批准号:
    AH/E002293/1
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 103.37万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

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