International aid and the media: Improving the effectiveness of aid allocations

国际援助和媒体:提高援助分配的有效性

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    AH/X009424/1
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 7.48万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    英国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助国家:
    英国
  • 起止时间:
    2023 至 无数据
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

The number of people around the world in need of humanitarian assistance is escalating rapidly - driven by protracted conflicts, the Covid-19 pandemic, and the effects of climate change. Unfortunately, donor governments' willingness and ability to maintain even current levels of humanitarian spending is under increasing strain due to growing populist political forces in many donor countries, alongside deepening global economic uncertainty. As a result, since 2010, UN humanitarian response plans have, on average, only had 60% of their funding needs met. There are also huge disparities in the amount of funding different humanitarian crises receive. For example, in 2020, some UN appeals were almost fully supported, such as for Iraq (92%) and Lebanon (84%). By contrast, there was relatively very little financing for crises in Zimbabwe (26%) and South Sudan (10%) - leading to significant cuts to food rations. Our previous, award-winning research demonstrated that news coverage is one of the key factors shaping government's inadequate and unevenly distributed aid budgets. It also revealed two specific misperceptions and knowledge gaps within aid bureaucracies that negatively affect their decision-making. First, we found that sudden-onset, national news coverage can divert aid spending towards certain countries - even when the level of unmet need does not require it - and that this is driven by the misperception that mainstream news coverage is a reliable indicator of public support for aid spending. Second, our research revealed that policy makers are often unaware of specialist humanitarian news organisations, which provide more up-to-date, in-depth, and contextualised information that would help them to make more needs-based aid allocations. Such specialist coverage can also be used strategically by policy makers to resist unwelcome political pressure to deviate from needs-based aid allocation decisions. Unfortunately, specialised humanitarian journalism is chronically under-funded and would therefore benefit greatly from further financial support from government donors themselves. In this project, we aim to correct these misperceptions and knowledge gaps and thereby contribute to ensuring that humanitarian aid is spent where it is needed most. We will achieve this by disseminating our research findings amongst senior policy makers within at least twelve of the largest government aid donors, over a twelve-month period. We will engage with them though a combination of private meetings, public presentations, and multi-stakeholder workshops. This is possible because of our significantly expanded professional networks within this field, including with key UN agencies such as the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) - which have longstanding relationships with all major donors.To help us to explain our research findings to policymakers, we will produce a range of creative resources including a co-produced video and policy brief, and several infographics and illustrations. These will be designed in collaboration with our steering committee to help ensure their suitability. These materials will also be disseminated widely via our existing networks, online presence and an open-access Future Learn course.We are very confident in our ability to achieve our planned impacts as we have already successfully influenced governments' aid spending as part of another recent research project. We have also already helped to persuade private foundations to increase their support for specialist forms of humanitarian journalism - without compromising its independence - as part of the original project. We did not target government donors within our original research project because, at the time, we did not anticipate how relevant our findings would be for them nor have sufficient means to access them.
在旷日持久的冲突、新冠肺炎疫情和气候变化影响的推动下,世界各地需要人道主义援助的人数正在迅速增加。不幸的是,由于许多捐助国的民粹主义政治势力日益壮大,加上全球经济不确定性加深,捐助国政府维持目前人道主义支出水平的意愿和能力正面临越来越大的压力。因此,自2010年以来,联合国人道主义应急计划的资金需求平均只有60%得到满足。不同人道主义危机获得的资金数额也存在巨大差异。例如,2020年,联合国的一些呼吁几乎得到了完全支持,如伊拉克(92%)和黎巴嫩(84%)。相比之下,对津巴布韦(26%)和南苏丹(10%)危机的融资相对较少,导致粮食配给大幅削减。我们之前的获奖研究表明,新闻报道是造成政府援助预算不足和分配不均的关键因素之一。它还揭示了援助机构内部存在的两个具体误解和知识差距,对决策产生了负面影响。首先,我们发现,突发性的国家新闻报道可以将援助支出转移到某些国家----即使未满足的需求水平并不需要这样做----这是由主流新闻报道是公众支持援助支出的可靠指标这一误解驱动的。其次,我们的研究表明,政策制定者往往不知道专业的人道主义新闻机构,这些机构提供更及时,更深入和更有背景的信息,这将有助于他们做出更多基于需求的援助分配。决策者还可以战略性地利用这种专家覆盖面,抵制不受欢迎的政治压力,使其偏离基于需求的援助分配决定。不幸的是,专门的人道主义新闻长期资金不足,因此将大大受益于政府捐助者本身的进一步财政支持。在这个项目中,我们的目标是纠正这些误解和知识差距,从而有助于确保人道主义援助用于最需要的地方。我们将在12个月的时间内,在至少12个最大的政府援助捐助国的高级决策者中传播我们的研究结果。我们将通过私人会议、公开演讲和多方利益相关者研讨会等方式与他们接触。这是因为我们在这一领域的专业网络得到了极大的扩展,包括与联合国开发计划署(UNDP)等主要联合国机构的合作,这些机构与所有主要捐助者都有着长期的关系。为了帮助我们向政策制定者解释我们的研究成果,我们将制作一系列创意资源,包括联合制作的视频和政策简报,以及一些信息图表和插图。这些将与我们的指导委员会合作设计,以帮助确保其适用性。这些材料还将通过我们现有的网络、在线网站和开放的Future Learn课程广泛传播。我们对实现计划影响的能力非常有信心,因为我们已经成功地影响了政府的援助支出,这是最近另一个研究项目的一部分。我们也已经帮助说服私人基金会增加对专业形式的人道主义新闻的支持-而不损害其独立性-作为原始项目的一部分。我们在最初的研究项目中没有针对政府捐助者,因为当时我们没有预料到我们的研究结果对他们有多大的相关性,也没有足够的手段来获得它们。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)

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Martin Scott其他文献

Dealing with selective dropout in clinical trials
处理临床试验中的选择性退出
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2002
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    J. Möcks;W. Köhler;Martin Scott;Joerg Maurer;M. Budde;S. Givens
  • 通讯作者:
    S. Givens
Response to: “Natural body size variation in seabirds provides a fundamental challenge for flight height determination by single-camera photogrammetry”
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s00227-024-04433-2
  • 发表时间:
    2024-04-25
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.100
  • 作者:
    Jack Forster;Kelly Macleod;Martin Scott
  • 通讯作者:
    Martin Scott
Aerial photogrammetry of seabirds from digital aerial video images using relative change in size to estimate flight height
利用数字航空视频图像对海鸟进行航空摄影测量,利用尺寸的相对变化来估计飞行高度
  • DOI:
    10.1007/s00227-022-04161-5
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.4
  • 作者:
    G. Humphries;Tom Fail;Megan Watson;Wil Houghton;Ruth Peters;Martin Scott;Rory R. Thomson;Katharine Keogan;A. Webb
  • 通讯作者:
    A. Webb
The privatization of public hospitals.
公立医院私有化。
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    1999
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2
  • 作者:
    R. Wilkins;D. Stephensen;H. Siddle;Martin Scott;H. Xiang;Elizabeth Horn;B. Palmer;G. Chapman;M. Richards;R. Walwyn;A. Redmond
  • 通讯作者:
    A. Redmond
The mixed randomized trial: combining randomized, pragmatic and observational clinical trial designs.
混合随机试验:结合随机、实用和观察性临床试验设计。

Martin Scott的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Martin Scott', 18)}}的其他基金

What is humanitarian news? A multi-sited study of how journalists define, debate and reproduce the boundaries of humanitarianism
什么是人道主义新闻?
  • 批准号:
    AH/N00731X/1
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7.48万
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grant

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