The diversity and phylogeny of molecular motor proteins and fungal cell evolution

分子运动蛋白的多样性和系统发育与真菌细胞进化

• 批准号: BB/G00885X/1
• 负责人: Thomas Richards
• 金额: $ 42.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2009 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FG00885X%2F1
• 关键词: diversity; phylogeny; molecular; motor; proteins

The aim of this project is to understand the evolutionary history of proteins that control movement within cells, specifically the cells of fungal organisms. The rise and diversification of the Fungi has involved several key changes in cell structures, giving rise to a wealth of biodiversity. This diversity includes organisms responsible for recycling biomass in all environments and microbes that co-operate with plants and algae in important ecological processes, for example, fungi that live in plant roots (mycorrhizae) and fungi that live with algae (lichens). The Fungi also include many species that cause diseases of plants and animals, such as the human pathogens Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. One of the features that distinguish eukaryote cells, including fungal cells, from bacterial cells, is a cellular skeleton which functions as a three-dimensional network providing the means of tethering, moving and re-organising cellular components. This three-dimensional network is like a complicated railway system with a range of different motors attaching and using chemical energy to transport cellular components throughout the cell. This process is conducted by three types of 'locomotive' and on two different types of 'railway track' and is vitally important for many cell functions. Hence, many international communities of scientists study these motors in order to understand how cells work. We already know that fungal cells make very diverse use of motor proteins. For example, some fungal cells have swimming tails that require the function of several different types of motor protein. In contrast, other types of fungi move by forming cylindrical and filamentous cells; these elongated cells require long-distant transfer of cell components by motor proteins. As such the diversification of motor proteins was critical for these and many other cellular characters of the Fungi. Only recently with the advent of numerous genome sequencing projects can we begin to compare the diversity of the motor protein families across the evolutionary tree of life. By comparing motor protein diversity across different genomes we have improved our understanding of the evolution and functional diversity of these very important protein families. This project is designed to help understand the origin and diversification of fungal cellular functions and the evolutionary history of the Fungi by studying the evolution of their cellular motors and associated cellular machinery. The project will test the idea that by investigating the evolutionary history of the fungal motor protein families we can identify how motor protein evolution relates to cell evolution. This project is significant because it will describe the relationship between motor protein evolution and cell evolution, providing information about how motor protein evolution relates to the diversification of fungal forms. The project will provide important clues about potential pharmaceutical targets in agriculturally and medically important fungi.

这个项目的目的是了解控制细胞内运动的蛋白质的进化史，特别是真菌有机体的细胞。真菌的兴起和多样化涉及细胞结构的几个关键变化，产生了丰富的生物多样性。这种多样性包括在所有环境中负责回收生物质的生物，以及在重要的生态过程中与植物和藻类合作的微生物，例如生活在植物根部的真菌(菌根)和与藻类生活的真菌(地衣)。这些真菌还包括许多引起动植物疾病的物种，如人类病原体白色念珠菌和新生隐球菌。真核细胞(包括真菌细胞)与细菌细胞的区别之一是细胞骨架，它作为一个三维网络发挥作用，提供连接、移动和重组细胞组件的手段。这个三维网络就像一个复杂的铁路系统，有一系列不同的马达连接在一起，并使用化学能在细胞内运输细胞成分。这一过程由三种类型的“火车头”和两种不同类型的“铁轨”进行，对许多细胞功能至关重要。因此，许多国际科学家团体研究这些马达，以了解细胞是如何工作的。我们已经知道真菌细胞对马达蛋白的利用非常多样化。例如，一些真菌细胞有游动的尾巴，需要几种不同类型的运动蛋白的功能。相比之下，其他类型的真菌通过形成圆柱状和丝状细胞来移动；这些细长的细胞需要通过马达蛋白质远距离转移细胞成分。因此，马达蛋白的多样化对真菌的这些和许多其他细胞特征至关重要。直到最近，随着众多基因组测序项目的到来，我们才能开始比较生命进化树上运动蛋白家族的多样性。通过比较不同基因组中运动蛋白的多样性，我们对这些非常重要的蛋白质家族的进化和功能多样性有了更好的理解。该项目旨在通过研究真菌细胞马达和相关细胞机制的进化，帮助了解真菌细胞功能的起源和多样性以及真菌的进化史。该项目将测试这样一个想法，即通过调查真菌马达蛋白家族的进化史，我们可以确定马达蛋白进化如何与细胞进化相关。这个项目意义重大，因为它将描述运动蛋白质进化和细胞进化之间的关系，提供关于运动蛋白质进化如何与真菌形式多样化相关的信息。该项目将为农业和医学上重要的真菌的潜在药物靶标提供重要线索。

项目成果

Evolution of Fungi and Fungal-Like Organisms

• DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29199-9
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Evolution of Fungi and Fungal-Like Organisms
• 作者: K. Esser;The Mycota

Complex patterns of gene fission in the eukaryotic folate biosynthesis pathway.

• DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu213
• 发表时间: 2014-09-23
• 期刊: Genome biology and evolution
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Maguire F;Henriquez FL;Leonard G;Dacks JB;Brown MW;Richards TA
• 通讯作者: Richards TA

A fungal pathogen secretes plant alkalinizing peptides to increase infection

• DOI: 10.1038/nmicrobiol.2016.43
• 发表时间: 2016-06-01
• 期刊: NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 28.3
• 作者: Masachis, Sara;Segorbe, David;Di Pietro, Antonio
• 通讯作者: Di Pietro, Antonio

Algal genomes reveal evolutionary mosaicism and the fate of nucleomorphs

• DOI: 10.1038/nature11681
• 发表时间: 2012-12-06
• 期刊: NATURE
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Curtis, Bruce A.;Tanifuji, Goro;Archibald, John M.
• 通讯作者: Archibald, John M.

Osmotrophy.

渗透压。

• DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.07.069
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: CB
• 作者: Richards TA