Diversity, identity and ecological role of a novel fungal super clade

新型真菌超级进化枝的多样性、同一性和生态作用

• 批准号: NE/F011709/1
• 负责人: Thomas Richards
• 金额: $ 15.06万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FF011709%2F1
• 关键词: Diversity; identity; ecological; role; novel

A large proportion of the diversity of life is microbial. Microbes are important components of every ecosystem and natural environment on Earth, yet our understanding of microbial diversity and ecological roles is still in its infancy. In the last 15 years, molecular methods have been used which target the DNA of all microbes present in a particular environment. These methods enable the capture of sub-sections of each microbial genome for use as an identifying code. We can then use these fragments of DNA code to identify most of the organisms present in any environment. This approach has massively expanded our appreciation of the diversity of life on Earth. Such approaches have revealed a diverse and mysterious group of organisms present in a range of aquatic environments that appear to be entirely novel and previously uninvestigated. Analyses suggest that one such diverse group could be related to the Fungi. The Fungi include the well-known mushrooms and yeasts but also a massive range of microbes responsible for recycling biomass in many ecosystems. Given the diversity and extensive distribution of this microbial group in aquatic environments around the globe it is likely that the group represents an important part of the microbial community. In addition, this group has a very novel position in the tree of life with respect to known fungal microbes. Therefore a greater appreciation of their biology will provide important data for understanding the evolutionary diversification of the fungal kingdom and their close relatives the animals. We plan to use specific probes with fluorescence to identify, describe and investigate the ecological role of this novel group from a range of environmental samples. This approach will enable us to observe the nature of these microbial cells and their abundance and role within different habitat types.

生物多样性的很大一部分是微生物。微生物是地球上每个生态系统和自然环境的重要组成部分，但我们对微生物多样性和生态作用的了解仍处于初级阶段。在过去的15年里，已经使用了分子方法来瞄准特定环境中存在的所有微生物的DNA。这些方法能够捕获每个微生物基因组的亚段，以用作识别代码。然后，我们可以使用这些DNA代码片段来识别任何环境中存在的大多数有机体。这种方法极大地扩展了我们对地球上生命多样性的欣赏。这种方法揭示了存在于一系列水生环境中的一组多样而神秘的生物体，这些生物体似乎完全是新奇的，以前从未被研究过。分析表明，一个如此多样化的群体可能与真菌有关。这些真菌包括众所周知的蘑菇和酵母菌，但也包括在许多生态系统中负责回收生物质的大量微生物。鉴于这一微生物群在全球水环境中的多样性和广泛分布，这一群很可能是微生物群落的重要组成部分。此外，就已知的真菌微生物而言，这一组在生命树上具有非常新颖的地位。因此，更好地了解它们的生物学特性将为了解真菌王国及其近亲动物的进化多样性提供重要数据。我们计划使用带有荧光的特定探针来从一系列环境样本中识别、描述和调查这一新群体的生态作用。这种方法将使我们能够观察这些微生物细胞的性质以及它们在不同栖息地类型中的丰度和作用。

项目成果

A role for fungi as parasites in the black box of marine trophic interactions.

真菌作为寄生虫在海洋营养相互作用黑匣子中的作用。

• DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12398
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Environmental microbiology reports
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Richards TA

Molecular diversity and distribution of marine fungi across 130 European environmental samples.

• DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.2243
• 发表时间: 2015-11-22
• 期刊: Proceedings. Biological sciences
• 作者: Richards TA;Leonard G;Mahé F;Del Campo J;Romac S;Jones MD;Maguire F;Dunthorn M;De Vargas C;Massana R;Chambouvet A
• 通讯作者: Chambouvet A

Validation and justification of the phylum name Cryptomycota phyl. nov.

• DOI: 10.5598/imafungus.2011.02.02.08
• 发表时间: 2011-12
• 期刊: IMA fungus
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Jones MD;Richards TA;Hawksworth DL;Bass D
• 通讯作者: Bass D

Evolution of Fungi and Fungal-Like Organisms

• DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-29199-9
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Evolution of Fungi and Fungal-Like Organisms
• 作者: K. Esser;The Mycota