NEURAL CORRELATES OF AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES IN MEMORY

年龄相关记忆差异的神经关联

• 批准号: 3123205
• 负责人: NAFTALI RAZ
• 金额: $ 20.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MEMPHIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1993-09-30 至 1997-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3123205
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); adult human (21+); age difference; aging; atrophy; basal ganglia; brain mapping; cerebellum; cognition; computer assisted diagnosis; diencephalon; hippocampus; human old age (65+); human subject; intelligence tests; magnetic resonance imaging; mathematical model; memory; memory disorders; neocortex; neural degeneration; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; visual perception

Memory complaints are abundant even in healthy elderly, and a clear-cut distinction between pathological declines and normative changes is not easily drawn. Cumulative evidence from research on amnesia suggests that specific areas of the brain may be critically important for acquisition, maintenance and retrieval of memories. In spite of considerable gains of the last decades, our understanding of the relationship between brain aging and the associated declines in memory is still lacking. Aging does not affect all memory functions uniformly. Declarative memory is impaired both in healthy elderly and in amnesiacs, priming is relatively spared in both groups, whereas skill and source memory are spared in amnesia, but impaired in aging. The question is, whether this pattern of selective age-related memory deficits reflects a distinct pattern of brain deterioration. The main objective of the proposed project is to provide a better understanding of the neuroanatomical substrates of the memory functions declining with age. In a series of studies, healthy adults aged 18-88 will undergo tests of amnestic and cognitive functions. The size of specific brain structures will be estimated from magnetic resonance imaging scans using computer-assisted morphometry. The relations between tissue volume in the brain regions of interest (ROIs) and memory functions will be examined using linear models. The following questions will be addressed in three studies. 1. Is age-related atrophy of the hippocampal formation and diencephalic structures predictive of declines in declarative memory? 2. Is intact neocortex necessary for normal repetition priming? 3. Are age-related differences in source memory linked to age-dependent prefrontal cortical atrophy through the decline in working memory? 4. Are the deficits in procedural (skill) memory, frequently observed in older adults, related to age-dependent atrophy of the basal ganglia and the cerebellum?

即使在健康的老年人中，记忆投诉也很丰富，并且清晰明了 病理下降和规范性变化之间的区别不是 容易绘制。 关于失忆症研究的累积证据表明 大脑的特定区域对于获取至关重要， 维护和检索记忆。 尽管有很大的收获 在过去的几十年中，我们对大脑之间关系的理解 仍然缺乏衰老和相关的记忆下降。 衰老确实 不统一地影响所有记忆功能。 声明性记忆是 在健康的老年人和失忆症中受到损害，启动相对 在两组中都保留了 健忘症，但衰老受损。 问题是，这种模式是否 选择性与年龄相关的记忆缺陷反映了一个独特的模式 大脑恶化。 拟议项目的主要目的是 更好地了解该神经解剖学基质 记忆功能随着年龄的增长而下降。 在一系列研究中，健康 年龄在18-88岁的成年人将接受柔和和认知功能的测试。 特定大脑结构的大小将从磁性估算 共振成像使用计算机辅助形态计量学扫描。 这 感兴趣的大脑区域（ROI）的组织体积之间的关系 并将使用线性模型检查内存功能。 下列 三项研究将解决问题。 1。是与年龄有关的萎缩 海马形成和双脑结构的预测 在声明性记忆中下降？ 2。是完整的新皮质 正常重复启动？ 3。是与年龄有关的来源差异 与年龄依赖性前额叶皮质萎缩有关的记忆通过 工作记忆下降？ 4。是程序性（技能）的缺陷 记忆，经常在老年人中观察到，与年龄有关 基底神经节和小脑的萎缩？