Olfactory mechanisms underlying behavioural manipulation of mosquitoes by malaria parasites

疟原虫对蚊子行为操纵的嗅觉机制

基本信息

批准号：
BB/J008869/1
负责人：
James Logan
金额：
$ 59.11万
依托单位：
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2012 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FJ008869%2F1
关键词：
Olfactory mechanisms underlying behavioural manipulation

项目摘要

Parasites have the ability to manipulate the behaviour of the insects that are involved in their transmission to enhance their own reproductive fitness. For example, malaria-infected mosquitoes take larger blood meals than uninfected ones, and will take multiple blood meals. In a pilot study, conducted recently by the applicants, we demonstrated that females of one of the most important African malaria mosquito species Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto infected with Plasmodium falciparum, one of the most important parasites that causes malaria in human beings, were significantly more attracted to human odours than uninfected mosquitoes. This was the first demonstration of a change in An. gambiae s.s. behaviour in response to human odours caused by infection with the malaria parasite P. falciparum. This behaviour is of fundamental importance since it will enhance the efficiency of disease transmission. We propose to explore the mechanisms for this response. The hypothesis of the proposed study is that P. falciparum parasites manipulate the olfactory system of host-seeking An. gambiae female mosquitoes making them more sensitive to host stimuli and this causes infected mosquitoes to be more attracted to human hosts.We propose to build on our preliminary study to quantify, using a windtunnel bioassay, the behavioural responses of An. gambiae s.s. female infected with human malaria parasites, P. falciparum, compared to uninfected females and determine whether the response depends on the lifecycle stage of the parasites within the mosquito. We will use olfactometer studies, which are designed to measure the behavioural response of the insects to human odours, within specially designed secure laboratories at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. To determine the effect of a Plasmodium infection on the olfactory system (i.e. the mosquito's sense of smell), we will use an electrophysiology technique which allows us to record the response of the mosquito's antenna to individual compounds within the complex mixture that makes up human body odour. This, along with other state-of-the-art analytical chemistry techniques, will allow us to identify the volatile compounds that the mosquito can detect and to determine whether infected mosquitoes respond differently to the odorous volatiles emitted by humans to uninfected mosquitoes.The results of our study will provide information that could be used to illuminate how malaria is transmitted between human beings by An. gambiae s.s. females. Importantly, new attractive compounds could be identified which could be used to develop improved mosquito traps for surveillance or trapping programmes that may even specifically target P. falciparum-infected An. gambiae s.s. females. This study will be a fundamental example of how parasites are able to manipulate their host to increase their own reproductive fitness.

寄生虫能够操纵与其传播有关的昆虫的行为，以增强其自身的生殖健康。例如，疟疾感染的蚊子比未感染的蚊子要多的血液餐，并且会服用多餐。在最近由申请人进行的一项试点研究中，我们证明了最重要的非洲疟疾蚊子物种的女性是Anopheles Anopheles gambiae Sensu Sensu严密感染了恶性疟原虫，这是人类在人类中引起疟疾的最重要的寄生虫之一，对人类的疟疾引起了更多的吸引。这是AN变化的第一个演示。冈比亚S.S.响应于疟疾寄生虫疟原虫感染引起的人类气味的行为。这种行为至关重要，因为它将提高疾病传播的效率。我们建议探索这种反应的机制。拟议的研究的假设是，恶性疟原虫寄生虫操纵宿主寻求的嗅觉系统。冈比亚女性蚊子使其对宿主刺激更加敏感，这会使被感染的蚊子更吸引人类宿主。我们建议在我们的初步研究基础上使用Windtunnel Bioassay来量化AN的行为反应。冈比亚S.S.与未感染的雌性相比，感染了人类疟疾寄生虫的女性，并确定反应是否取决于蚊子内寄生虫的生命周期阶段。我们将在伦敦卫生和热带医学学院专门设计的安全实验室内使用嗅觉计研究，旨在测量昆虫对人类气味的行为反应。为了确定疟原虫感染对嗅觉系统的影响（即蚊子的嗅觉），我们将使用一种电生理技术，使我们能够记录蚊子天线对构成人体无剂量的复杂混合物中各个化合物的响应。这将与其他最先进的分析化学技术一起，使我们能够确定蚊子可以检测到的挥发性化合物，并确定感染的蚊子是否对人类发出的有臭的挥发物的反应有所不同。冈比亚S.S.女性。重要的是，可以鉴定出新的有吸引力的化合物，该化合物可用于开发改进的蚊子陷阱，以进行监视或捕获程序，甚至可能针对恶性疟原虫感染的蚊子。冈比亚S.S.女性。这项研究将是寄生虫如何操纵其宿主以提高自己的生殖健身的一个基本例子。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（3）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Species-specific alterations in Anopheles mosquito olfactory responses caused by Plasmodium infection.

疟原虫感染引起的按蚊嗅觉反应的物种特异性改变。

DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-40074-y
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Scientific reports
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Stanczyk NM
通讯作者：
Stanczyk NM

Detection of malaria sporozoites expelled during mosquito sugar feeding.

DOI：
10.1038/s41598-018-26010-6
发表时间：
2018-05-15
期刊：
Scientific reports
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Brugman VA;Kristan M;Gibbins MP;Angrisano F;Sala KA;Dessens JT;Blagborough AM;Walker T
通讯作者：
Walker T

Species-specific alterations in Anopheles mosquito olfactory responses caused by Plasmodium infection

疟原虫感染引起按蚊嗅觉反应的物种特异性改变