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Dynamic optical engine for investigation of neural activity in Drosophila melanogaster

用于研究果蝇神经活动的动态光学引擎

基本信息

批准号：
BB/J020907/1
负责人：
Martin Booth
金额：
$ 14.86万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FJ020907%2F1
关键词：
Dynamic optical engine investigation neural

项目摘要

How behavioural patterns arise from activity in neural circuits is a major question in neuroscience. Understanding this requires researchers to manipulate activity and the connections within a neural network and analyze how electrical impulses travel from one nerve cell to others, and behaviour is generated in a living animal. Electrical signals can in principle be implanted and detected in the brain using direct electrical connections formed by wires. However wire placement is not flexible, is highly invasive and is a particularly limited when working with an animal with a small brain, such as a fruit fly. Alternative light-based methods promise to overcome these limitations by permitting flexible remote stimulation and measurement of neural signals deep within the brain. Laser illumination can activate specific neurons and the resulting activity across a network can be read out using fluorescence microscopy. However, the effectiveness of optical methods is limited by the natural movements of the animals, the light distorting effects of brain tissue and the speed with which one can stimulate and image the neural activity. We will construct an 'optical engine' that will combine various optical methods to overcome these limitations and permit complex interventionist investigations of neural circuit function within the living brain.

行为模式是如何从神经回路的活动中产生的，这是神经科学中的一个主要问题。理解这一点需要研究人员操纵神经网络内的活动和连接，并分析电脉冲如何从一个神经细胞传播到其他神经细胞，以及在活体动物中产生行为。原则上，电信号可以通过导线形成的直接电连接在大脑中植入和检测。然而，导线放置是不灵活的，是高度侵入性的，并且当与具有小大脑的动物（例如果蝇）一起工作时特别受限。替代的基于光的方法有望通过允许灵活的远程刺激和测量大脑深处的神经信号来克服这些限制。激光照射可以激活特定的神经元，并且可以使用荧光显微镜读取整个网络中产生的活动。然而，光学方法的有效性受到动物的自然运动，脑组织的光扭曲效应以及刺激和成像神经活动的速度的限制。我们将构建一个“光学引擎”，它将联合收割机各种光学方法，以克服这些限制，并允许复杂的干预调查的神经回路功能在活的大脑。