Genetic dissection of seasonal timing in Drosophila

果蝇季节时间的遗传解析

• 批准号: BB/K001922/1
• 负责人: Eran Tauber
• 金额: $ 49.52万
• 依托单位: University of Leicester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2013 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FK001922%2F1
• 关键词: Genetic; dissection; seasonal; timing; Drosophila

Seasonal timing is a key process for survival for most organisms, especially in temperate regions. In broad ranges of species, from plants to mammals, the annual change in day-length is monitored the so-called a photoperiodic clock, allowing the accurate timing of the seasonal response. Many insects for example, including numerous agricultural pests, detect the shortening of the day during the autumn and switch to diapause (a developmental arrest), which allow them to survive the winter. Despite intensive study of the photoperiodic clock for the last 80 years, the underlying molecular mechanism is still largely unknown. This is in marked contrast to our understanding of the circadian clock that regulates daily rhythms, where studies in various model organisms, particularly Drosophila, have established firm principles and rich mechanistic detail, including genes conserved across diverse phyla. In Drosophila, the genetic basis of the seasonal clock has focused on female diapause, manifested as a developmental arrest of the ovaries induced by short days and low temperatures. Unfortunately, this phenotype is not very robust, and practically is not amenable for large genetic screens. Recently, research in our laboratory has corroborated previous observations that flies developed under short days become significantly cold-resistant compared with flies raised in long-days. The difference in cold response can be easily quantified using the chill-coma recovery (CCR) assay, in which flies exposed to freezing temperatures enter reversible narcosis . The recovery time reflects how cold-adaptive the flies are, and our recent work has demonstrated that this response is largely regulated by the photoperiod (i.e. flies exposed to short photoperiods during development exhibit shorter recovery times). We have devised an automated system, allowing the monitoring of hundreds of flies, and here we propose to use this system for high-throughput genetic screen for genes involved in the photoperiodicresponse.

季节性时间是大多数生物体生存的关键过程，尤其是在温带地区。在从植物到哺乳动物的广泛物种中，日长的年度变化通过所谓的光周期时钟进行监测，从而可以准确地计时季节性反应。例如，许多昆虫，包括许多农业害虫，会在秋季察觉到白天的缩短并转向滞育（发育停滞），这使它们能够度过冬天。尽管过去 80 年来人们对光周期时钟进行了深入研究，但其潜在的分子机制仍然很大程度上未知。这与我们对调节日常节律的生物钟的理解形成鲜明对比，在生物钟中，对各种模式生物（特别是果蝇）的研究已经建立了坚定的原则和丰富的机制细节，包括跨不同门保守的基因。 在果蝇中，季节时钟的遗传基础集中在雌性滞育上，表现为短日照和低温引起的卵巢发育停滞。不幸的是，这种表型不是很稳健，实际上不适合大规模遗传筛选。最近，我们实验室的研究证实了之前的观察结果，即与长日照下饲养的果蝇相比，短日照下发育的果蝇具有显着的耐寒性。使用寒冷昏迷恢复（CCR）测定可以轻松量化冷反应的差异，其中暴露于冰冻温度的果蝇进入可逆性麻醉。恢复时间反映了果蝇的冷适应能力，我们最近的工作表明，这种反应很大程度上受光周期的调节（即在发育过程中暴露于短光周期的果蝇表现出更短的恢复时间）。我们设计了一个自动化系统，可以监测数百只果蝇，在这里我们建议使用该系统对参与光周期反应的基因进行高通量遗传筛选。

项目成果

Disrupted seasonal biology impacts health, food security and ecosystems.

• DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.1453
• 发表时间: 2015-10-22
• 期刊: Proceedings. Biological sciences
• 作者: Stevenson TJ;Visser ME;Arnold W;Barrett P;Biello S;Dawson A;Denlinger DL;Dominoni D;Ebling FJ;Elton S;Evans N;Ferguson HM;Foster RG;Hau M;Haydon DT;Hazlerigg DG;Heideman P;Hopcraft JG;Jonsson NN;Kronfeld-Schor N;Kumar V;Lincoln GA;MacLeod R;Martin SA;Martinez-Bakker M;Nelson RJ;Reed T;Robinson JE;Rock D;Schwartz WJ;Steffan-Dewenter I;Tauber E;Thackeray SJ;Umstatter C;Yoshimura T;Helm B
• 通讯作者: Helm B

Analysis of 5' gene regions reveals extraordinary conservation of novel non-coding sequences in a wide range of animals.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0499-6
• 发表时间: 2015-10-19
• 期刊: BMC evolutionary biology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Davies NJ;Krusche P;Tauber E;Ott S
• 通讯作者: Ott S

DNA methylation changes induced by long and short photoperiods in Nasonia.

鼻孔长和短光周期引起的DNA甲基化变化。

• DOI: 10.1101/gr.196204.115
• 发表时间: 2016-02
• 期刊: Genome research
• 影响因子: 7
• 作者: Pegoraro M;Bafna A;Davies NJ;Shuker DM;Tauber E
• 通讯作者: Tauber E

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Analysis of 5' gene regions reveals extraordinary conservation of novel non-coding sequences in a wide range of animals

附加文件 1：图 S1。

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3596753_d1
• 发表时间: 2015
• 作者: Davies N

Gene Expression Associated with Early and Late Chronotypes in Drosophila melanogaster.

• DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2015.00100
• 发表时间: 2015
• 期刊: Frontiers in neurology
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Pegoraro M;Picot E;Hansen CN;Kyriacou CP;Rosato E;Tauber E
• 通讯作者: Tauber E