ATLAS OF HUMAN BONE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

这项工作的总体目标是编制一份“人类 骨机械性能”。 本地图集将记录 具体的，正交各向异性弹性模量，剪切模量，泊松比， 密度和结构的皮质和松质骨区域 股骨、胫骨、髌骨、肱骨、桡骨、下颌骨和胸椎 和腰椎。 弹性性能将从 使用先前开发的超声波在每个骨上的几个部位 法 研究中包括的骨骼将来自四个正常的 和四具严重骨质疏松的人类尸体， 骨质减少的确定将主要通过经髂骨 活检 这些信息对于发展 骨骼系统的精确有限元模型。 有限 有限元法是分析非线性动力学问题的重要工具， 生物组织对外力的机械反应。 的 FEM的多功能性允许复杂的几何形状，以及 不均匀和各向异性的材料特性，很容易 整合到骨骼系统的模型中。 与 提高可用性，降低更强大的 计算硬件，结合更复杂的， 更便宜的软件，非常强大的建模能力， 可供大量研究人员进行分析 骨质流失和假体设计的影响。

The overall objective of this work is produce an "Atlas of Human Bone Mechanical Properties". This atlas will document site specific, orthotropic elastic moduli, shear moduli, Poisson's ratios, densities, and structure of the cortical and cancellous regions of the femur, tibia, patella, humerus, radius, mandible, and thoracic and lumbar vertebrae. Elastic properties will be measured from several sites on each bone using a previously developed ultrasonic technique. Bones inlcuded in the study will be from four normal and four severely osteopenic human cadavers, with the determination of osteopenia will be made primarily by a transiliac biopsy. Such information is necessary and vital for the development of accurate finite element models of the skeletal system. Finite element modeling (FEM) is an important tool for the analysis of the mechanical response of biologic tissue to external forces. The versatility of FEM allows complicated geometry, as well as inhomogeneous and anisotropic material properties, to be easily incorporated into models of the skeletal system. With the increased availability and decreased price of more powerful computational hardware, combined with more sophisticated and less expensive software, very powerful modeling capabilities are becoming available to a large number of researchers for analyses of the effects of bone loss and prosthetic design.