A Systems Approach to Disease Resistance Against Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogens

针对坏死性真菌病原体的抗病系统方法

• 批准号: BB/M017877/2
• 负责人: Katherine Denby
• 金额: $ 42.96万
• 依托单位: University of York
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FM017877%2F2
• 关键词: Systems; Approach; Disease; Resistance; Against

The fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum have broad host ranges and cause serious disease on many horticultural crops. Both fungi can cause substantial losses on field-grown and protected lettuce crops, an industry worth almost £200 M annually in the UK. B. cinerea is a particular problem post-harvest, whereas S. sclerotiorum can result in up to 50% crop loss pre-harvest. Chemical control is problematic as few effective compounds are available, the number of sprays is restricted and timing is difficult. Moreover, the fungicides are medium to high risk for development of resistance. Development of durable resistance in the crop is a more sustainable solution, but has been an intransigent problem for lettuce breeders. The objective of this proposal is to demonstrate that a novel approach to breeding for pathogen resistance is possible.We will apply genomic and systems biology (computational) approaches in lettuce, and combine this with quantitative genetics studies to identify novel genes for increasing the resistance of lettuce to both B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum. This will provide a foundation to develop similar resistance to these pathogens in other horticultural crops.We have two hypotheses we want to test. Firstly, that we can identify genes which confer resistance to both B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum, two necrotrophic fungal pathogens. Genome sequencing of these fungi has indicated they share a range of genes associated with infection and colonization of plants, hence host resistance mechanisms against one pathogen might also confer resistance to the other.Secondly, we want to test the feasibility of applying systems biology research into horticultural crop species. We have used systems biology approaches to generate network models of how genes interact during the defence response of Arabidopsis to infection by B. cinerea. We combined large-scale gene expression data with mathematical modelling to predict the key resistance genes. In this work, we will carry out network analysis of the lettuce defence response and test whether the same genes are involved in disease resistance, and/or whether the hub genes in the network are important. This is a completely new approach to crop improvement, relying on gene-gene interactions during defence against pathogen infection. We will also look for conservation of disease resistance genes in tomato and Brassica, key crops affected by these pathogens.At the same time we will employ a more traditional quantitative genetic analysis to identify regions of the lettuce genome that influence resistance against both of these pathogens. We will screen nearly 100 lettuce accessions and cross accessions with the greatest resistance to a standard cultivar to generate mapping populations. A pre-existing mapping population (known to be segregating for disease resistance) will be screened for disease resistance to both B. cinerea and S. scerotiorum to identify important genomic regions for these traits.Finally we will integrate our quantitative genetic analysis and results from network analysis to generate lettuce lines and markers for use in breeding programmes. This project is possible because of the lettuce genome sequence that is available, as well as the extensive lettuce germplasm and genetic and genomic resources that Warwick has generated. The work will be exploited primarily through A.L.Tozer to develop lettuce varieties with increased resistance to B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum fungal pathogens.

灰葡萄孢（Botrytis cinerea）和核盘菌（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum）是两种寄主范围广、危害严重的病原真菌。这两种真菌都可能对田间种植和受保护的生菜作物造成重大损失，这是英国每年价值近2亿英镑的产业。B。灰霉病是一个特殊的问题后收获，而S。核盘菌可导致收获前高达50%的作物损失。化学防治是有问题的，因为有效的化合物很少，喷洒的次数有限，而且很难掌握时间。此外，杀真菌剂具有发展抗性的中等至高风险。在作物中发展持久的抗性是一个更可持续的解决方案，但对于莴苣育种者来说，这是一个难以解决的问题。我们将在莴苣中应用基因组学和系统生物学（计算）方法，并将其与数量遗传学研究联合收割机相结合，以确定增加莴苣对B的抗性的新基因。cinerea和S.菌核。这将为在其他园艺作物中开发对这些病原体的类似抗性提供基础。首先，我们可以鉴定出对两种B都具有抗性的基因。cinerea和S. sclerotiorum，两种坏死营养型真菌病原体。这些真菌的基因组测序表明，它们共享一系列与植物感染和定殖相关的基因，因此宿主对一种病原体的抗性机制也可能赋予对另一种病原体的抗性。其次，我们希望测试将系统生物学研究应用于园艺作物物种的可行性。我们已经使用系统生物学的方法来生成网络模型的基因如何相互作用在拟南芥的防御反应感染B。灰叶我们将大规模基因表达数据与数学建模相结合，以预测关键抗性基因。在这项工作中，我们将进行生菜防御反应的网络分析，并测试是否有相同的基因参与抗病性，和/或网络中的枢纽基因是否重要。这是一种全新的作物改良方法，依赖于防御病原体感染期间的基因-基因相互作用。我们还将在受这些病原体影响的主要作物番茄和芸苔属中寻找抗病基因的保守性。同时，我们将采用更传统的定量遗传分析来确定莴苣基因组中影响对这两种病原体抗性的区域。我们将筛选近100个莴苣种质，并将其与标准品种进行最大抗性杂交，以产生作图群体。将筛选预先存在的作图群体（已知存在抗病性分离）对两种B的抗病性。cinerea和S.最后，我们将整合我们的定量遗传分析和网络分析的结果，以产生用于育种计划的生菜品系和标记。这个项目是可能的，因为生菜基因组序列是可用的，以及广泛的生菜种质和遗传和基因组资源，沃里克已经产生。这项工作将主要通过A.L. Tozer开发对B抗性增强的莴苣品种。cinerea和S.核盘菌属真菌病原体。

项目成果

Identification of genetic loci in lettuce mediating quantitative resistance to fungal pathogens.

• DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04129-5
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Pink, Harry;Talbot, Adam;Graceson, Abi;Graham, Juliane;Higgins, Gill;Taylor, Andrew;Jackson, Alison C.;Truco, Maria;Michelmore, Richard;Yao, Chenyi;Gawthrop, Frances;Pink, David;Hand, Paul;Clarkson, John P.;Denby, Katherine
• 通讯作者: Denby, Katherine

A high-resolution single-molecule sequencing-based Arabidopsis transcriptome using novel methods of Iso-seq analysis.

• DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02711-0
• 发表时间: 2022-07-07
• 期刊: Genome biology
• 影响因子: 12.3

Insect egg-induced physiological changes and transcriptional reprogramming leading to gall formation.

• DOI: 10.1111/pce.13930
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: Plant, cell & environment
• 作者: C. Oates;K. Denby;A. Myburg;B. Slippers;S. Naidoo

Harnessing diversity from ecosystems to crops to genes

• DOI: 10.1002/fes3.106
• 发表时间: 2017-02-01
• 期刊: FOOD AND ENERGY SECURITY
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Buchanan-Wollaston, Vicky;Wilson, Zoe;Denby, Katherine
• 通讯作者: Denby, Katherine

Identification of genetic loci in lettuce mediating quantitative resistance to fungal pathogens

介导对真菌病原体定量抗性的生菜遗传位点的鉴定

• DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.08.483472
• 发表时间: 2022
• 作者: Pink H