AUDITORY PROCESSING OF UNCERTAIN STIMULI

不确定刺激的听觉处理

• 批准号: 3217674
• 负责人: Donna L Neff
• 金额: $ 11.02万
• 依托单位: FATHER FLANAGAN'S BOYS' HOME
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-12-01 至 1995-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3217674
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold; human subject; neural information processing; perceptual maskings; psychoacoustics; psychometrics

The long-term goal of this project is a better understanding of the interaction of peripheral and central auditory processes that determine performance under conditions of stimulus uncertainty, that is, when one or more of the physical properties of the sounds cannot be predicted. Unlike many psychophysical studies which seek to minimize the influence of central processes, these experiments examine conditions in which central processes significantly influence or dominate performance. Our previous work has focused on the large effects of masker frequency uncertainty in the detection of a known signal. In the proposed work, we undertake a more general examination of the effects of stimulus uncertainty, adopting a common approach to the measurement of both masker and signal uncertainty. The absence of such an approach has hindered the development of more general models of the effects of uncertainty. We test the hypothesis that uncertainty effects may best be understood in terms of the ratio of relevant (to be processed) variability to irrelevant (to be ignored) variability, in an information-based analog to the ratio of signal-to-noise-powers that govern energy-based masking. We first develop stimuli and procedures which allow us to quantify the amount of masker uncertainty, and then use these to explore the effects of irrelevant uncertainty both alone and in combination with effects of relevant variation or effects of energy-based masking. The experiments proposed are grouped in three series which examine: 1) how best to measure uncertainty; 2) the sources of the uncertainty effects; and 3) the combination rules for the effects of irrelevant uncertainty, relevant uncertainty, and energy-based masking. Because stimulus uncertainty is inherent in everyday listening situations, these experiments will contribute to more realistic models of auditory processing that include both peripheral and central processes.

该项目的长期目标是更好地了解 外周和中枢听觉过程的相互作用决定了 刺激不确定性条件下的表现，即当一个或 声音的更多物理特性无法预测。不像 许多心理物理学研究试图尽量减少中枢的影响 过程，这些实验检查中央过程的条件 显着影响或主导绩效。我们之前的工作有 重点关注掩蔽频率不确定性的巨大影响 检测已知信号。在拟议的工作中，我们进行了更多 对刺激不确定性影响的一般检查，采用 测量掩蔽和信号不确定性的通用方法。 缺乏这种方法阻碍了更多的发展 不确定性影响的一般模型。我们检验以下假设： 不确定性效应最好用以下比率来理解： 相关（待处理）到不相关（待忽略）的变化 可变性，以基于信息的比率来模拟 控制基于能量的掩蔽的信噪比。我们首先开发 使我们能够量化掩蔽剂数量的刺激和程序 不确定性，然后利用这些来探索不相关的影响 单独的不确定性以及与相关影响的组合的不确定性 基于能量的掩蔽的变化或影响。提出的实验是 分为三个系列，分别研究：1）如何最好地衡量不确定性； 2）不确定性影响的来源； 3）组合规则 不相关不确定性、相关不确定性的影响，以及 基于能量的掩蔽。因为刺激的不确定性是日常生活中固有的 听力情况下，这些实验将有助于更加真实 听觉处理模型包括外周和中枢 流程。