PHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF STUTTERING

口吃是一种言语障碍， 占世界人口的1%。 这往往是一个重要的 对个人不利，可能限制就业机会; 以及社会和心理适应。 的病因 口吃是未知的，标准化的，成功的治疗方法， 口吃还没有发展。 的主要障碍 了解口吃的病因和发展， 成功的治疗技术是缺乏对 疾病的生理基础 口吃症状 本身就是言语运动过程的崩溃。 复杂 已知影响口吃发生的变量，例如 情绪状态或说话的情况，最终必须有一个 对生产所必需的生理事件的影响 演讲 因此，要了解口吃， 理解这些干扰背后的生理机制 口吃中的言语运动行为。 本申请中提出的研究解决了两个一般问题， 问题：言语的生理相关性是什么 口吃是一种疾病， 部分原因是感觉运动组织的普遍缺陷？ 具体目标是：（1）提供 活动的关节，喉，呼吸肌之前， （2）确定是否发生变化， 自主神经功能与口吃有关，（3）使用 肌电、运动学和自主神经测量， 模式识别算法，以确定是否有一个 一组一致的生理事件， 不流利的行为，可以用来识别即将发生的 故障，以及（4）确定是否可以区分口吃者 从非口吃者的基础上的措施，时间性能 广泛的运动行为。

Stuttering is a disorder of speech with a prevalence estimated to be 1% of the World's population. It is often a significant handicap for the individual and can limit employment opportunities; and social and psychological adjustment. The etiology of stuttering is unknown, and standardized, successful treatments for stuttering have not been developed. A major impediment to understanding the etiology of stuttering and to the development of successful therapeutic techniques is the lack of understanding of the physiological bases of the disorder. Stuttering manifests itself as a breakdown in speech motor processes. The complex variables known to affect the occurrence of stuttering, such as emotional state or speaking situation, must ultimately have an effect on the physiological events necessary for the production of speech. Therefore, to understand stuttering it is essential to understand the physiological mechanism underlying the disruptions of speech motor behavior in stuttering. The research proposed in this application addresses two general questions: What are the physiological correlates of speech breakdown in stuttering and is stuttering a disorder that arises, in part, from a generalized deficit in sensorimotor organization? The specific aims are (1) to provide quantitative analyses of activity of articulatory, laryngeal, and respiratory muscles prior to, during, and after disfluencies, (2) to determine if changes in autonomic function are associated with stuttering, (3) to use electromyographic, kinematic, and autonomic measures to develop pattern recognition algorithms to determine if there is a consistent set of physiological events that is associated with disfluent behavior and that can be used to recognize impending breakdowns, and (4) to determine if stutterers can be discriminated from nonstutterers on the basis of measures of timing performance in a wide range of motor behaviors.