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SPEECH MOTOR PROCESSES--AGE RELATED CHANGES

言语运动过程——年龄相关的变化

基本信息

批准号：
6168404
负责人：
ANNE SMITH
金额：
$ 42.93万
依托单位：
PURDUE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1996-08-01 至 2003-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6168404
关键词：
adolescence (12-20) aging behavioral /social science research tag clinical research craniofacial developmental neurobiology electromyography human subject jaw movement middle childhood (6-11) preschool child (1-5) psychomotor function somatic reflex speech young adult human (21-34)

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted From The Investigator s Abstract): At present a coherent account of speech motor development is lacking. This constitutes a major roadblock to our efforts to assess the potential impact of motor deficits on the development of speech disorders. If the normal course of speech motor development is unknown, atypical developmental patterns cannot be identified. Using newly available technologies, the overall goal of the present project is to implement a multi-leveled and integrative approach to the problem of speech motor development. Speech and basic oral motor functions will be assessed through multiple analytic windows, including direct recording of speech movements, measurement of speech acoustic events, assessment of oral-motor reflexes, and indices of craniofacial anatomy. A long-term objective of this project is to obtain maturational profiles of speech, anatomical, and reflex measures based on tests of large numbers of subjects aged 4 yrs to young adult. Using this method, the maturation of components of the oral motor system can be mapped out. The reflex and anatomic measures provide indices of the biological substrate from which speech motor processes must emerge. We will be able to determine the time of maturation to adult values of both speech-related variables and those reflecting basic oral physiology. The trajectories of these growth curves will be used to test hypotheses about the dynamic interactions of factors related to the acquisition of speech motor skills. In addition, a set of studies of smaller groups of subjects aged 4 to 12 yrs will provide finer grained analyses of speech movement organization. These studies are designed to test the hypothesis that young children are not simply smaller, less skilled performers using the same organizational strategies as adults. Rather children are using distinctive strategies that reflect the different biological tools that they bring to the task of speaking.

描述：（改编自研究者摘要）：目前，缺乏对言语运动发展的连贯性解释。这构成我们努力评估汽车的潜在影响的主要障碍语言障碍的发展。如果正常的言语运动发育是未知的，非典型发育模式不能被识别。利用新的可用技术，目前的项目是实施多层次和综合的方法，语言运动发展的问题。言语和基本口腔运动将通过多个分析窗口评估职能，包括直接记录语音运动，测量语音声学事件，口腔运动反射的评估和颅面解剖的指数。一该项目的长期目标是获得语言，解剖学和反射测量基于大量的受试者年龄为4岁至年轻成人。使用这种方法，口腔运动系统的组成部分可以被绘制出来。反射和解剖测量提供了生物基质的指数，语言运动过程必须出现。我们就能确定成熟的成年人的价值观都与语言有关的变量和那些反映了基本的口腔生理学。这些生长曲线的轨迹将被用来测试有关因素的动态相互作用的假设与语言运动技能的获得有关。此外，一套对4至12岁受试者的较小群体的研究将提供更好的语音运动组织的粒度分析。这些研究旨在验证幼儿不仅仅是体型较小的假设，技能较低的执行者使用与成年人相同的组织策略。相反，孩子们使用独特的策略，他们用来说话的生物工具。