PHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF STUTTERING

口吃是一种言语障碍，估计其患病率 占世界人口的1%。它通常是一个重要的 对个人构成障碍，并可能限制就业机会； 以及社会和心理的调整。该病的病因学 口吃是未知的，标准化的，成功的治疗方法 口吃还没有被开发出来。一个主要的障碍 了解口吃的病因和口吃的发展 成功的治疗技术是缺乏对 这种疾病的生理基础。口吃的表现 这本身就是语言运动过程中的一种故障。情结 已知的影响口吃发生的变量，如 情绪状态或说话情况，最终都要有一个 对生产所必需的生理事件的影响 演讲。因此，要理解口吃，就必须 了解干扰背后的生理机制 口吃时的言语运动行为。 本申请中提出的研究涉及两个一般情况 问：言语的生理关联是什么？ 口吃的崩溃和口吃是一种出现的障碍， 在某种程度上，是因为感觉运动组织的普遍缺陷？ 具体目标是(1)提供定量的分析 关节、喉和呼吸肌的活动 到、期间和在不流畅之后，(2)确定是否在 自主神经功能与口吃有关，(3)使用 肌电图学、运动学和自主神经测量方法 模式识别算法以确定是否存在 与以下各项相关的一组一致的生理事件 不流利的行为，可以用来识别即将发生的事情 细分，以及(4)确定口吃者是否可以被区分 基于计时性能测量的非口吃者 在广泛的运动行为中。

Stuttering is a disorder of speech with a prevalence estimated to be 1% of the World's population. It is often a significant handicap for the individual and can limit employment opportunities; and social and psychological adjustment. The etiology of stuttering is unknown, and standardized, successful treatments for stuttering have not been developed. A major impediment to understanding the etiology of stuttering and to the development of successful therapeutic techniques is the lack of understanding of the physiological bases of the disorder. Stuttering manifests itself as a breakdown in speech motor processes. The complex variables known to affect the occurrence of stuttering, such as emotional state or speaking situation, must ultimately have an effect on the physiological events necessary for the production of speech. Therefore, to understand stuttering it is essential to understand the physiological mechanism underlying the disruptions of speech motor behavior in stuttering. The research proposed in this application addresses two general questions: What are the physiological correlates of speech breakdown in stuttering and is stuttering a disorder that arises, in part, from a generalized deficit in sensorimotor organization? The specific aims are (1) to provide quantitative analyses of activity of articulatory, laryngeal, and respiratory muscles prior to, during, and after disfluencies, (2) to determine if changes in autonomic function are associated with stuttering, (3) to use electromyographic, kinematic, and autonomic measures to develop pattern recognition algorithms to determine if there is a consistent set of physiological events that is associated with disfluent behavior and that can be used to recognize impending breakdowns, and (4) to determine if stutterers can be discriminated from nonstutterers on the basis of measures of timing performance in a wide range of motor behaviors.