SPEECH MOTOR PROCESSES--AGE RELATED CHANGES

言语运动过程——年龄相关的变化

• 批准号: 2458529
• 负责人: ANNE SMITH
• 金额: $ 32.5万
• 依托单位: PURDUE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-08-01 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2458529
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); aging; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; craniofacial; developmental neurobiology; electromyography; human subject; jaw movement; middle childhood (6-11); preschool child (1-5); psychomotor function; somatic reflex; speech; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION: (Adapted From The Investigator s Abstract): At present a coherent account of speech motor development is lacking. This constitutes a major roadblock to our efforts to assess the potential impact of motor deficits on the development of speech disorders. If the normal course of speech motor development is unknown, atypical developmental patterns cannot be identified. Using newly available technologies, the overall goal of the present project is to implement a multi-leveled and integrative approach to the problem of speech motor development. Speech and basic oral motor functions will be assessed through multiple analytic windows, including direct recording of speech movements, measurement of speech acoustic events, assessment of oral-motor reflexes, and indices of craniofacial anatomy. A long-term objective of this project is to obtain maturational profiles of speech, anatomical, and reflex measures based on tests of large numbers of subjects aged 4 yrs to young adult. Using this method, the maturation of components of the oral motor system can be mapped out. The reflex and anatomic measures provide indices of the biological substrate from which speech motor processes must emerge. We will be able to determine the time of maturation to adult values of both speech-related variables and those reflecting basic oral physiology. The trajectories of these growth curves will be used to test hypotheses about the dynamic interactions of factors related to the acquisition of speech motor skills. In addition, a set of studies of smaller groups of subjects aged 4 to 12 yrs will provide finer grained analyses of speech movement organization. These studies are designed to test the hypothesis that young children are not simply smaller, less skilled performers using the same organizational strategies as adults. Rather children are using distinctive strategies that reflect the different biological tools that they bring to the task of speaking.

描述：（改编自研究者的摘要）：目前 缺乏对言语运动发展的连贯描述。 这构成了一个 我们评估汽车潜在影响的主要障碍 言语障碍发展的缺陷。 如果按照正常流程 言语运动发育未知，非典型发育模式不能 被识别。 使用新的可用技术，总体目标 目前的项目是采取多层次、综合性的方法 言语运动发育问题。 言语和基本口腔运动 将通过多个分析窗口评估功能，包括 直接记录言语运动，测量言语声学事件， 评估口腔运动反射和颅面解剖学指标。 一个 该项目的长期目标是获得成熟的概况 基于大量测试的言语、解剖和反射测量 受试者年龄为 4 岁至青少年。 使用这种方法，成熟 口腔运动系统的组成部分可以被绘制出来。 反射和 解剖测量提供了生物底物的指数 言语运动过程必须出现。 我们将能够确定时间 与言语相关的变量和那些与成人价值观相关的成熟度 反映基本的口腔生理学。 这些增长曲线的轨迹 将用于检验有关因素动态相互作用的假设 与言语运动技能的获得有关。 此外，还有一组 对 4 至 12 岁较小群体的研究将提供更精细的结果 言语运动组织的细致分析。 这些研究是 旨在检验年幼的孩子不仅仅是较小的假设， 技能较差的表演者使用与成年人相同的组织策略。 相反，孩子们正在使用反映不同情况的独特策略 他们为说话任务带来的生物工具。