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Function of brainstem brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) in food choice

脑干脑源性神经营养因子（Bdnf）在食物选择中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
BB/N017838/1
负责人：
Lora Katherine Heisler
金额：
$ 47.97万
依托单位：
University of Aberdeen
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FN017838%2F1
关键词：
Function brainstem brain derived neurotrophic

项目摘要

Obesity represents a major medical and economic challenge of the 21st century. The primary cause of obesity is the consumption of more food than the body requires, calories that are then stored as fat. An understanding of the biological mechanisms regulating food choice and meal size is essential to successful prevention of obesity. The brain represents the master coordinator of appetite, employing a number of interwoven neurological circuits to continually appraise and respond to changes in nutritional state. A principal node within this network is a brain chemical called brain derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf), which is a powerful regulator of appetite and body weight. Therefore, a clear understanding of the precise mechanism through which Bdnf modulates how much food we eat and the types of food we choose is of intense interest. However, discoveries in this direction have been hindered by a lack of precise tools. To overcome this obstacle, we generated a powerful new means to discover the location of crucial sources of Bdnf responsible for communicating meal-related information, and how Bdnf, in turn, influences our decisions about what foods we choose to eat. We hypothesise that Bdnf within a brain region called the nucleus of the solitary tract controls appetite and food choice by directly sensing and responding to the nutrients in the food we eat. Furthermore, we hypothesise that the regular over-consumption of calorie dense foods disrupts Bdnf's detection of nutrients, which then facilitates over-eating. We will test these hypotheses using state of the art technology in this application and anticipate that the data generated will reveal an important component of the biological underpinnings of appetite, food choice and body weight, findings relevant to the prevention and treatment of obesity.

肥胖是 21 世纪的一项重大医学和经济挑战。肥胖的主要原因是摄入的食物多于身体所需的热量，然后这些热量就会以脂肪的形式储存起来。了解调节食物选择和膳食量的生物学机制对于成功预防肥胖至关重要。大脑是食欲的主要协调员，利用许多相互交织的神经回路来不断评估和响应营养状态的变化。该网络中的一个主要节点是一种称为脑源性神经营养因子（Bdnf）的大脑化学物质，它是食欲和体重的强大调节剂。因此，清楚地了解 Bdnf 调节我们吃的食物量和我们选择的食物类型的精确机制是非常有意义的。然而，由于缺乏精确的工具，这方面的发现受到了阻碍。为了克服这一障碍，我们开发了一种强大的新方法来发现负责传达膳食相关信息的 Bdnf 关键来源的位置，以及 Bdnf 反过来如何影响我们选择吃什么食物的决定。我们假设大脑区域中称为孤束核的 Bdnf 通过直接感知和响应我们所吃食物中的营养物质来控制食欲和食物选择。此外，我们假设经常过量食用热量密集的食物会扰乱 Bdnf 对营养物质的检测，从而导致暴饮暴食。我们将在本应用中使用最先进的技术来测试这些假设，并预计生成的数据将揭示食欲、食物选择和体重的生物学基础的重要组成部分，以及与预防和治疗肥胖相关的发现。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Lorcaserin improves glycemic control via a melanocortin neurocircuit.

DOI：
10.1016/j.molmet.2017.07.004
发表时间：
2017-10
期刊：
Molecular metabolism
影响因子：
8.1
作者：
Burke LK;Ogunnowo-Bada E;Georgescu T;Cristiano C;de Morentin PBM;Valencia Torres L;D'Agostino G;Riches C;Heeley N;Ruan Y;Rubinstein M;Low MJ;Myers MG;Rochford JJ;Evans ML;Heisler LK
通讯作者：
Heisler LK

Function of the nucleus of the solitary tract in the therapeutic effect of obesity medication lorcaserin

孤束核在肥胖药物氯卡色林治疗效果中的作用

DOI：
10.1017/s0029665122000507
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
影响因子：
7
作者：
Wagner S
通讯作者：
Wagner S

Molecular reductions in glucokinase activity increase counter-regulatory responses to hypoglycemia in mice and humans with diabetes.

DOI：
10.1016/j.molmet.2018.08.001
发表时间：
2018-11
期刊：
Molecular metabolism
影响因子：
8.1
作者：
Chakera AJ;Hurst PS;Spyer G;Ogunnowo-Bada EO;Marsh WJ;Riches CH;Yueh CY;Markkula SP;Dalley JW;Cox RD;Macdonald IA;Amiel SA;MacLeod KM;Heisler LK;Hattersley AT;Evans ML
通讯作者：
Evans ML

Developmental programming of appetite and growth in male rats increases hypothalamic serotonin (5-HT)5A receptor expression and sensitivity.

雄性大鼠食欲和生长的发育程序会增加下丘脑血清素 (5-HT)5A 受体的表达和敏感性。