HDHL Biomarkers: Fatty Acid Metabolism - Interlinking Diet with Cardiometabolic Health (FAME)

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Dietary fatty acid composition is an important determinant of cardiometabolic health and risk of cardiometabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but mechanisms underlying this relationship are still not entirely clear. This proposal will use existing biobanked samples and dietary and phenotype data from cohort studies and randomized controlled trials to a) identify novel lipidomics biomarkers of cardiometabolic health which could replace or be used in addition to fatty acid profiles as more sensitive biomarkers of status and of future cardiometabolic clinical events, b) establish relationships between whole diets and specific foods with tissue status of fatty acids as explanatory factors for diet relationships with cardiometabolic health, and c) to investigate genetic determinants of fatty acid status and metabolism which modify the physiological effects of dietary intake. The results from this multidisciplinary project will contribute to the evidence base for the refinement of current food and nutrient based dietary guidelines (in particular with regard to the intake of milk and dairy products, polyunsaturated fatty acids and plant-based diets), and the targeting of intervention strategies aimed at improved cardiometabolic health towards those most at risk of disease and/or be most responsive.