FUTUREFISH: The role of circadian rhythms, immunity and infection in enhancing aquaculture

FUTUREFISH：昼夜节律、免疫和感染在加强水产养殖中的作用

• 批准号: BB/R010609/1
• 负责人: Amy Ellison
• 金额: $ 38.74万
• 依托单位: CARDIFF UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FR010609%2F1
• 关键词: FUTUREFISH; role; circadian; rhythms; immunity

There is a rapidly increasing global demand for fish, yet stagnation and collapse of traditional capture fisheries, therefore aquaculture (fish farming) must be expanded and intensified to meet demand. Currently, the principal barrier to aquaculture development is disease; causing devastating economic losses and increasing reliance on drug interventions. Indoor fish farming provides hope for intensification of aquaculture; finely controlling environmental conditions to maximise fish production without encroaching on natural aquatic habitats. However, while manipulated light regimes (extended day lengths or even continuous light) are often used in indoor aquaculture to improve rearing, it is unknown how such approaches contribute to disease issues. Across all forms of life; from microbes to humans, organisms exhibit daily cycles in biological processes such as behaviour and metabolism, known as circadian rhythms. Circadian rhythms are typically controlled by expression patterns (turning on and off) of "clock" genes; a system often referred to as the molecular body clock. Molecular clocks can be altered or "entrained" to light conditions. Body clocks and circadian rhythms are important to immune system functioning; levels of immune cells and the ability to fight infection varies by time of day in mammals. Moreover, disruption of circadian rhythms (e.g. shift-work, jet-lag) can increase susceptibility to or severity of disease in humans. Therefore, the characterisation of fish circadian rhythms of immunity and the examination of how light regimes affect fish disease resistance is vital to future sustainable improvement of aquaculture methods. In addition, although it is well known that parasites too exhibit daily rhythms, we do not yet know the nature of their molecular body clocks. Therefore, to fully understand the daily interplay between hosts and their pathogens, be it fish or other animals, we must also consider the control of rhythmicity in parasites.Working at Cardiff University, bringing together world leaders in fish parasitology, invertebrate genetics, and microbial communities, and in collaboration with experts in molecular clocks at Aberystwyth University, I will address these key knowledge gaps in the circadian biology of fish-parasite interactions. I will measure the impact of three economically-important parasites (Argulus; freshwater louse, Gryodactylus; skin worm, Saprolegnia; water mould) on rainbow trout circadian rhythms of clock and immune gene expression, and determine how light regimes alter the susceptibility of trout to infection. It is predicted extended and/or constant photoperiods increase susceptibility to disease. In addition, I will quantify the circadian rhythms of gene expression in Gyrodactylus and couple the findings with measures of parasite activity and infection ability. I hypothesise rhythmicity of key genes related to parasite infection ability, coupled with daily variations in host immune levels, drive circadian rhythms in parasite survival and behaviour on-host. Finally, I will determine whether the microbiome (bacteria community) of trout skin exhibits circadian rhythmicity and examine how perturbation, via antibiotic treatment, impacts the skin's microbial composition and subsequent susceptibility to parasites. It is predicted reduced variation in beneficial skin microbes due to antibiotics will increase susceptibility to parasites. Harnessing the power of optimal circadian rhythms can improve health and reduce antimicrobial usage in aquaculture. Taken together, the results of this fellowship will provide important new insights to inform fish farm management practices and fundamentally advance the understanding of daily interactions between parasites and their hosts.

全球对鱼类的需求迅速增加，但传统捕捞渔业停滞不前和崩溃，因此必须扩大和加强水产养殖（养鱼）以满足需求。目前，水产养殖发展的主要障碍是疾病，造成毁灭性的经济损失，并日益依赖药物干预。室内养鱼为水产养殖的集约化提供了希望;精细控制环境条件，在不侵犯自然水生栖息地的情况下最大限度地提高鱼类产量。然而，虽然在室内水产养殖中经常使用操纵的光照制度（延长日照甚至连续光照）来改善饲养，但尚不清楚这些方法如何导致疾病问题。在所有的生命形式中;从微生物到人类，生物体在生物过程中表现出日常周期，如行为和新陈代谢，称为昼夜节律。昼夜节律通常由“时钟”基因的表达模式（打开和关闭）控制;该系统通常被称为分子生物钟。分子钟可以被改变或“夹带”到光的条件。生物钟和昼夜节律对免疫系统的功能很重要;哺乳动物的免疫细胞水平和抵抗感染的能力随时间而变化。此外，昼夜节律的破坏（例如轮班工作、时差）可增加人类对疾病的易感性或疾病的严重性。因此，鱼类免疫昼夜节律的特征和光制度如何影响鱼类抗病性的检查是至关重要的，未来可持续发展的水产养殖方法的改进。此外，尽管众所周知寄生虫也表现出每日节律，但我们还不知道它们的分子生物钟的性质。因此，要充分了解宿主与其病原体之间的日常相互作用，无论是鱼类还是其他动物，我们还必须考虑寄生虫中节律性的控制。在卡迪夫大学工作，汇集了鱼类寄生虫学，无脊椎动物遗传学和微生物群落的世界领导者，并与阿伯里斯特威斯大学的分子钟专家合作，我将解决鱼类寄生虫相互作用的昼夜节律生物学中的这些关键知识空白。我将衡量三个经济上重要的寄生虫（Argulus;淡水虱，Gryodactylus;皮肤蠕虫，水霉;水霉）对虹鳟鱼的昼夜节律的时钟和免疫基因表达的影响，并确定如何光制度改变鳟鱼感染的易感性。据预测，延长和/或恒定的光周期会增加对疾病的易感性。此外，我将量化三代虫基因表达的昼夜节律，并将研究结果与寄生虫活动和感染能力的测量结果结合起来。我假设与寄生虫感染能力相关的关键基因的节律性，再加上宿主免疫水平的每日变化，驱动寄生虫生存和宿主行为的昼夜节律。最后，我将确定鳟鱼皮肤的微生物组（细菌群落）是否表现出昼夜节律，并研究通过抗生素治疗的扰动如何影响皮肤的微生物组成和随后对寄生虫的易感性。据预测，由于抗生素导致的有益皮肤微生物的变化减少将增加对寄生虫的易感性。利用最佳昼夜节律的力量可以改善健康并减少水产养殖中的抗菌剂使用。总之，这项研究的结果将提供重要的新见解，为养鱼场管理实践提供信息，并从根本上促进对寄生虫及其宿主之间日常相互作用的理解。

项目成果

Bacillus indicus and Bacillus subtilis as alternative health and colouration promoters to synthetic astaxanthin in cyprinid aquaculture species

• DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2023.740016
• 发表时间: 2023-08-31
• 期刊: AQUACULTURE
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Baumgartner，Simon;Creer，Simon;Ellison，Amy
• 通讯作者: Ellison，Amy

Additional file 4 of Circadian dynamics of the teleost skin immune-microbiome interface

硬骨鱼皮肤免疫-微生物组界面的昼夜节律动态的附加文件 4

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17020839
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Ellison A

Additional file 11 of Circadian dynamics of the teleost skin immune-microbiome interface

硬骨鱼皮肤免疫-微生物组界面的昼夜节律动态的附加文件 11

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17020824
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Ellison A

Circadian dynamics of the teleost skin immune-microbiome interface

硬骨鱼皮肤免疫-微生物组界面的昼夜动态

• DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.29.428758
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Ellison A

Additional file 12 of Circadian dynamics of the teleost skin immune-microbiome interface

硬骨鱼皮肤免疫-微生物组界面的昼夜节律动态的附加文件 12

• DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17020827
• 发表时间: 2021
• 作者: Ellison A