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RCUK-CIAT Newton Fund: Exploiting biodiversity in Brachiaria/Panicum tropical forage grasses using genetics to improve livelihoods and sustainability

RCUK-CIAT 牛顿基金：利用遗传学来开发臂形草/黍热带牧草的生物多样性，以改善生计和可持续性

基本信息

批准号：
BB/R022828/1
负责人：
J Heslop-Harrison
金额：
$ 19.2万
依托单位：
University of Leicester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2018 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FR022828%2F1
关键词：
RCUK CIAT Newton Fund Exploiting

项目摘要

The overall objective is economic development in Colombia by focused, science-based exploitation of biodiversity to develop new varieties of tropical forage grasses (Brachiaria and Panicum species and hybrids) to meet needs of small and medium scale farmers, and defined goals of environmental sustainability. The following objectives will generate underpinning knowledge for this aim: - Identify ploidy of accessions to identify appropriate parents for breeding at diploid and polyploid levels across the germplasm collection for Brachiaria; development of genome-specific probes from NGS data to identify the genomic composition of polyploids and hybrids- Identification of candidate genes implicated in determining forage quality (eg digestibility, lipid content to reduce enteric methane emissions) leading to an atlas of the allelic diversity; Gain improved knowledge of apomixis, its genes and seed production for exploitation in breeding- RNA-seq from 30 to 40 accessions of both genera to prioritize candidate genes for breeding, building towards a pan-genome defining variation across the genera. Analyse RNA-seq data for evidence of genome interactions and differential gene expression in hybrids- Define pull from improvements in environmental and sustainability requirements (GHG, soils/erosion, water, nutrient cycling) from forage crops; Define economic pull for defined forage grass improved characters from farmers and breeders in Colombia; Measure the economic value of traits and market sizes for improved Brachiaria seed; define measures for environmental benefits. - Make RNAi and CRISPR-CAS9 constructs designed to modify candidate genes to improve forage quality- Plan second and third years programme based on results- Outputs and capacity building: Training of CIAT staff and students in UK to raise technical skills and experience; allow UK participants to gain international experience at CIAT; Prepare publications, blogs, website for farmers, policy makers, public, hold a workshop to disseminate results.

总体目标是哥伦比亚的经济发展，重点是以科学为基础开发生物多样性，以开发新品种的热带牧草(腕草和七叶草及杂交种)，以满足中小型农民的需要，并确定环境可持续性目标。以下目标将产生实现这一目标的基础知识：-识别材料的倍性，以确定适合在整个臂尾轮属种质集合的二倍体和多倍体水平进行育种的亲本；从NGS数据开发基因组特异性探针，以确定多倍体和杂交种的基因组组成--确定与决定饲料质量有关的候选基因(例如，消化率，减少肠道甲烷排放的脂肪含量)，从而形成一份等位基因多样性图谱；改进关于无融合生殖、其基因和种子生产的知识，以便在育种-RNA-seq中利用从30到40个属的材料，优先选择用于育种的候选基因，建立定义不同属之间的泛基因组变异。分析RNA-SEQ数据，以寻找杂交种中基因组相互作用和差异基因表达的证据--确定环境和饲草作物可持续性要求(温室气体、土壤/侵蚀、水、养分循环)改善带来的拉动；确定确定的饲草对哥伦比亚农民和育种者改良性状的经济拉动；衡量改良臂尾藻种的特征和市场大小的经济价值；确定环境效益的措施。-使RNAi和CRISPR-Cas9构建旨在修改候选基因以提高饲料质量-根据成果产出和能力建设规划第二和第三年计划：对CIAT工作人员和英国学生进行培训，以提高技术技能和经验；使英国参与者获得CIAT的国际经验；为农民、政策制定者和公众准备出版物、博客、网站，举办研讨会传播成果。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Complex polyploid and hybrid species in an apomictic and sexual tropical forage grass group: genomic composition and evolution in Urochloa ( Brachiaria ) species

无融合生殖和有性热带牧草群中的复杂多倍体和杂种：尾草（臂形草）物种的基因组组成和进化

DOI：
10.1101/2021.02.19.431966
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
Tomaszewska P
通讯作者：
Tomaszewska P

Oat chromosome and genome evolution defined by widespread terminal intergenomic translocations in polyploids.

DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2022.1026364
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Frontiers in plant science
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
通讯作者：

Flow Cytometry-Based Determination of Ploidy from Dried Leaf Specimens in Genomically Complex Collections of the Tropical Forage Grass Urochloa s. l.

DOI：
10.3390/genes12070957
发表时间：
2021-06-23
期刊：
Genes
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Tomaszewska P;Pellny TK;Hernández LM;Mitchell RAC;Castiblanco V;de Vega JJ;Schwarzacher T;Heslop-Harrison PJS
通讯作者：
Heslop-Harrison PJS

Complex polyploid and hybrid species in an apomictic and sexual tropical forage grass group: genomic composition and evolution in Urochloa (Brachiaria) species.