ACID RAIN--AIR POLLUTANT INTERACTIONS

臭氧、酸雾和酸雨(包括硫酸气溶胶) 是主要的公共卫生问题，部分原因是它们 能够对肺部产生可测量的瞬时效应 易感受试者，浓度可发生在 环境污染物事件，部分原因是它们可能会采取行动 协同作用对肺部产生的影响大于 由个人曝光产生的。关于以下方面的知识 臭氧-酸同义现象可能对环境造成的有害影响 呼吸道仍然非常稀薄。绵羊模型 系统的提出是为了检验两者之间的协同效应 臭氧和可呼吸尺寸的硫酸气雾剂。在当前 我们将使用多学科方法来研究 评估臭氧、酸性气溶胶和它们的影响 联合，对呼吸道上皮和内皮的影响 渗透性。99mTc-DTPA支气管肺泡清除率的研究 来自肺部的放射性气溶胶将被用来确定上皮细胞 渗透率和获得的结果将与 蛋白质、溶酶体酶和细胞的形态 通过标准方法进行支气管肺泡灌洗。 将获取绵羊肺淋巴以评估内皮细胞 99mTC-DTPA经肺的通透性和可能的清除量 淋巴管。最后，在另一系列暴露于 臭氧、酸性气溶胶或臭氧-酸组合的相同议定书 气雾剂、呼吸道血流量将使用 多普勒流量计-遥测系统。呼吸道血液的变化 Flow有望提供神经源性或介导性指标- 发生在呼吸道间质中的相关事件 预计会影响呼吸道平滑肌和呼吸道 微血管系统。在接下来的几年里，我们计划具体地 考查氧自由基产物(和其他)的作用(S) 潜在的调解人)通过使用各种注入的 和体内的雾化猝灭剂和自由基清除剂 对抗者。

Ozone and acid fog and acid rain (including sulfuric acid aerosols) are of major public health concern, in part because they are capable of producing measurable transient effects on the lungs of susceptible subjects, at concentrations which can occur in ambient pollutant episodes, and in part because they may act synergistically to produce effects on the lung greater than that produced by individual exposures. Knowledge concerning the possible deleterious effects of ozone-acid synargisms on the respiratory tract is still extremely meager. A sheep model system is proposed to examine the synergistic effect between ozone and respirable-sized sulfuric acid aerosols. In the current study we will use a multidisciplinary approach designed to evaluate the effects of ozone, acid aerosol, and their combination, on respiratory tract epithelial and endothelial permeability. Bronchoalveolar clearance of 99mTc-DTPA radioaersol from the lung will be used to determine epithelial permeability and results obtained will be compared to appearances of protein, lysosomal enzymes and cells in bronchoalveolar lavage carried out via a standard methodology. Sheep lung lymph will obtained to evaluate endothelial permeability and possible clearances of 99mTc-DTPA via lung lymphatics. Finally, in a separate series of sheep exposed to an identical protocol of ozone, acid aerosol or combined ozone-acid aerosol, airway blood flow will be continuously monitored using a Doppler flowmeter-telemetry system. Changes in airway blood flow are expected to provide an index of neurogenic or mediator- related events occurring in airway interstitium and which would be expected to effect airway smooth muscle as well as airway microvasculature. In subsequent years we plan to specifically examine for the role(s) of oxy radical productions (and other potential mediators) on this synergism via uses of various infused and aerosolized quenching agents and radical scavengers as in vivo antagonists.