DISK RENEWAL IN RETINAL VISUAL CELLS

视网膜视觉细胞的视盘更新

• 批准号: 3256750
• 负责人: JOSEPH C BESHARSE
• 金额: $ 17.24万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-07-01 至 1991-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3256750
• 关键词: Anura; Xenopus; chromatography; circadian rhythms; cone cell; dark adaptation; dopamine; electrophysiology; evoked potentials; fresh water environment; histology; immature animal; light adaptations; melatonin; membrane reconstitution /synthesis; membrane structure; neuropharmacology; photostimulus; radioassay; radioimmunoassay; retina; rod cell; tissue /cell culture; visual photoreceptor; visual photosensitivity

Photoreceptor function depends on maintenance of a delicate balance between the processes of photosensitive membrane assembly and its degradation. These processes occur in a rhythmic fashion in vertebrate retina and understanding the factors controlling rhythmicity may prove important in understanding pathological processes involving photoreceptors. Our goal is to understand the regulation of cyclic photoreceptor metabolism. The processes to be studied are rod photoreceptor disc shedding, cone retinomotor movement and rhythmic melatonin metabolism. Each process exhibits circadian rhythmicity in its activity and in the principal model used in these studies, Xenopus laevis, can be studied in detail in an in vitro preparation, accessible for experimental manipulation. A major goal is to explore the mechanisms by which "melatonin-like" copmpounds and retinal dopamine interact as signals respectively for darkness and light. Additional studies using in vitro preparations derived from Rana pipiens and from laboratory rats will be used to investigate the mechanisms by which disc shedding is triggered by light and by a circadian clock. We will analyze the properties of a circadian clock localized in the eye by monitoring circadian release of melatonin. These investigations will require the use of in vitro culture, radioimmunoassay, neuropharmacological, biochemical and electrophysiological techniques. It is expected that understanding regulation of rhythmic photoreceptor metabolism will provide a new basis for evaluating mechanisms of pathogenicity in reinal degenerative diseases.

感光器功能取决于维持两者之间的微妙平衡 光敏膜的组装及其降解过程。 这些过程在脊椎动物的视网膜中以有节奏的方式发生 了解控制节奏的因素可能很重要 了解涉及光感受器的病理过程。 我们的目标是 了解周期性光感受器代谢的调节。 这 要研究的过程是视杆细胞感光盘脱落、视锥细胞 视网膜运动和有节奏的褪黑激素代谢。 各工序 在其活动和主要模型中表现出昼夜节律 这些研究中使用的非洲爪蟾 (Xenopus laevis) 可以在 体外制备，可用于实验操作。 一个主要目标 是探索“类褪黑素”化合物的合成机制 视网膜多巴胺分别作为黑暗和光明的信号相互作用。 使用来自 Rana pipiens 的体外制剂进行的其他研究 并将使用实验室大鼠来研究其机制 椎间盘脱落是由光和生物钟触发的。 我们 将通过以下方式分析位于眼睛中的生物钟的特性 监测褪黑激素的昼夜释放。 这些调查将 需要使用体外培养、放射免疫分析、 神经药理学、生物化学和电生理学技术。 它 期望了解节律性感光器的调节 代谢将为评估机制提供新的基础 视网膜退行性疾病的致病性。