AN ANIMAL MODEL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MYOPIA

近视发展的动物模型

• 批准号: 3259213
• 负责人: WILLIAM HODOS
• 金额: $ 10.44万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-07-01 至 1991-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3259213
• 关键词: chickens; contact lens; dietary calcium; disease /disorder model; eye accommodation; model design /development; myopia; neural information processing; nutrition disorders; nutrition related tag; retina; vision tests; visual feedback; visual stimulus; visual threshold; vitamin D deficiency

Myopia (nearsightedness) is the most prevalent of all eye disorders. Many causes have been suggested for myopia ranging from heredity, nutritional deficiency, hormonal imbalance and childhood fever to excessive accommodation (focusing of the eye on close objects) and near work, such as studying. The experiments proposed here are intended to shed light on several of the variables that may cause or exacerbate this disorder. The subjects of these experiments are domestic chicks. These inexpensive and plentiful animals have eyes that are very similar to those of humans in many features, including excellent vision. We have devised a technique for producing experimenttal myopia in chicks by degrading their retinal images during their development. Among the variables to be examined are the effects of near work (close examination of an object with fine details), elevated eye temperature, as might occur in a childhood disease such as measles or eye inflammation, the effects of prolonged accommodation induced by electrical stimulation of the brain region that controls this function and the effects of deficiencies of calcium and vitamin D, which are important for the structure of the sclera (the tough coat of the eye), elongation of which is the cause of the common form of myopia. Not only does the chick provide an excellent model in which to study the causes of myopia, it also can provide a suitable preparation to investigate new and improved methods of treatment, especially by surgical intervention.

近视（近视）是最普遍的所有眼睛 紊乱 许多原因已提出近视的范围 来自遗传、营养缺乏、荷尔蒙失调和 儿童发烧过度调节（眼睛聚焦 近距离物体）和近距离工作，如学习。 的 这里提出的实验旨在阐明几个 可能导致或加剧这种疾病的变量。 的 这些实验的对象是家养小鸡。 这些 廉价而丰富的动物的眼睛非常相似 在许多方面与人类相似，包括出色的视力。 我们发明了一种制造实验性近视的技术 在小鸡的视网膜成像过程中， 发展 在这些变量中，要检查的是近距离工作的影响 （仔细观察物体的细节），眼睛抬高 温度，如可能发生在儿童疾病， 麻疹或眼部炎症，长期影响 脑电刺激引起的调节 控制这种功能和缺陷影响的区域 钙和维生素D，这对结构很重要， 的巩膜（坚韧的外套的眼睛），延长是 近视的常见原因。 雏鸟不仅提供了一个很好的模型， 研究近视的原因，它也可以提供一个合适的 研究新的和改进的 治疗，尤其是通过外科手术。