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AN ANIMAL MODEL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MYOPIA

近视发展的动物模型

基本信息

批准号：
3259214
负责人：
WILLIAM HODOS
金额：
$ 10.36万
依托单位：
UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1983
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1983-07-01 至 1992-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3259214
关键词：
chickens contact lens dietary calcium disease /disorder model eye accommodation model design /development myopia neural information processing nutrition disorders nutrition related tag retina vision tests visual feedback visual stimulus visual threshold vitamin D deficiency

项目摘要

Myopia (nearsightedness) is the most prevalent of all eye disorders. Many causes have been suggested for myopia ranging from heredity, nutritional deficiency, hormonal imbalance and childhood fever to excessive accommodation (focusing of the eye on close objects) and near work, such as studying. The experiments proposed here are intended to shed light on several of the variables that may cause or exacerbate this disorder. The subjects of these experiments are domestic chicks. These inexpensive and plentiful animals have eyes that are very similar to those of humans in many features, including excellent vision. We have devised a technique for producing experimenttal myopia in chicks by degrading their retinal images during their development. Among the variables to be examined are the effects of near work (close examination of an object with fine details), elevated eye temperature, as might occur in a childhood disease such as measles or eye inflammation, the effects of prolonged accommodation induced by electrical stimulation of the brain region that controls this function and the effects of deficiencies of calcium and vitamin D, which are important for the structure of the sclera (the tough coat of the eye), elongation of which is the cause of the common form of myopia. Not only does the chick provide an excellent model in which to study the causes of myopia, it also can provide a suitable preparation to investigate new and improved methods of treatment, especially by surgical intervention.

近视（近视）是所有眼睛中最普遍的失调。造成近视范围的原因有很多遗传、营养缺乏、荷尔蒙失调等儿童期发烧至过度调节（眼睛聚焦近距离物体）和近距离工作，例如学习。这这里提出的实验旨在阐明一些可能导致或加剧这种疾病的变量。这这些实验的对象是家养的小鸡。这些廉价且数量充足的动物的眼睛非常相似在许多特征上都与人类相似，包括出色的视力。我们设计了一种产生实验性近视的技术在雏鸡中，通过降低其视网膜图像发展。要检查的变量包括近距离工作的影响（仔细检查物体的细节），抬高眼睛温度，如儿童疾病中可能发生的情况，例如麻疹或眼部炎症，长期影响大脑电刺激引起的调节控制该功能的区域以及缺陷的影响钙和维生素 D，它们对于结构很重要巩膜（眼睛的坚韧外层）的伸长率是常见近视的病因。小鸡不仅提供了一个优秀的模型研究近视的成因，也可以提供合适的治疗方法准备研究新的和改进的方法治疗，特别是通过手术干预。