CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF ACQUIRED COLOR VISION LOSS

该应用程序的长期目标是调查 视杆细胞和视锥细胞之间的组织化学差异，并利用这些差异 差异，以指定人类发生的退行性变化 视网膜感光细胞老化和疾病。 先前的研究揭示了组织化学和形态学差异 蓝色敏感视锥细胞与红色和绿色敏感视锥细胞之间 将被扩大。将获得进一步的文件证明 视锥细胞亚群，通过其缺乏碳酸酐酶来鉴定 (CA)酶活性，是蓝色敏感视锥细胞。具体来说，一个 将尝试将 CA 的免疫细胞化学与酶关联起来 人类视网膜的组织化学。现有的假定抗体 红色/绿色视锥细胞和蓝色视锥细胞将与 CA 分布进行比较。蓝色 视锥细胞也可以通过接触活性染料和强光来识别 光谱灯。标记或损坏的视锥细胞将与 CA 进行比较 分布。正常解剖结构的形态学定量 与红色和绿色视锥细胞相比，蓝色视锥细胞的特征是 在光（LM）和电子显微镜（EM）水平上进行。 CA 的超微结构定位将用于 EM 研究。 视网膜疾病中获得性色盲的发病机制是 通过检查蓝色的形态和流行程度的变化进行研究 几种疾病中的视锥细胞群与红/绿视锥细胞群 例如视网膜脱离、糖尿病性视网膜病变和青光眼。外科 标本以及动物模型将用于视网膜 支队。具有糖尿病视网膜病变代表性阶段的捐赠眼睛 将接受检查。青光眼将使用人类捐赠材料和 高眼压动物模型。时间过程中获得的知识 退行性变化、损伤的可逆性和比较 四种光感受器的敏感性可能会影响接受的程度 治疗方法。

This application's long-term objectives are to investigate the histochemical differences between rods and cones and, exploiting these differences, to specify the degenerative changes that occur in human retinal photoreceptor cells with aging and disease. Previous studies revealing histochemical and morphological differences between the blue-sensitive cones and the red- and green sensitive cones will be expanded. Further documentation will be obtained that a sub-population of cones, identified by its absence of carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymatic activity, is the blue-sensitive cones. Specifically, an attempt will be made to correlate immunocytochemistry for CA with enzyme histochemistry in the human retina. Existing antibodies to putative red/green cones and to blue cones will be compared to CA distribution. Blue cones will also be identified by exposure to vital dyes and to strong spectral lights. The labeled or damaged cones will be compared to CA distribution. Morphological quantitation of the normal anatomical characteristics of blue cones compared to red and green cones will be performed at both the light (LM) and electron microscopic (EM) level. Ultrastructural localization of CA will be employed for the EM studies. The pathogenesis of acquired dyschromatopsia in retinal disease will be studied by examining changes in the morphology and prevalence of the blue cone population versus the red/green cone population in several disorders such as retinal detachment, diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. Surgical specimens as well as an animal model will be utilized for retinal detachment. Donated eyes with representative stages of diabetic retinopathy will be examined. Glaucoma will be studied with human donor material and an animal model of ocular hypertension. Knowledge gained of the time course of degenerative changes, reversibility of damage and comparative susceptibilities of the four types of photoreceptors may influence accepted approaches to treatment.